Hawgood Barbara J
J Med Biogr. 2008 Nov;16(4):221-6. doi: 10.1258/jmb.2008.008009.
In 1867 William Sharpey (1802-80), Professor of General Anatomy and Physiology at University College, London, appointed Michael Foster to the unique post of Teacher of Practical Physiology; in Britain the study of experimental physiology was dormant. In 1870 Foster accepted a Praelectorship in Physiology at Trinity College, Cambridge, and soon established a school of physiology. He was the first Cambridge Professor of Physiology (1883-1903). Foster, a great teacher, had a remarkable ability to attract talented students and to inspire them to undertake research. He himself took inspiration from the scientific philosophy of Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-95) and of Claude Bernard (1813-78). Foster was active in the foundation of the Physiological Society (1876), and founded and edited the Journal of Physiology (1878). He was interested in the scientific training of medical students and wrote a highly lauded Text Book of Physiology (1877). Physiology became a profession in its own right and British physiologists were in the vanguard of research.
1867年，伦敦大学学院普通解剖学与生理学教授威廉·夏普伊（1802 - 1880）任命迈克尔·福斯特担任实用生理学教师这一独特职位；当时在英国，实验生理学研究处于停滞状态。1870年，福斯特接受了剑桥大学三一学院生理学讲师职位，并很快建立了一个生理学学派。他是剑桥大学的首任生理学教授（1883 - 1903）。福斯特是一位伟大的教师，具有非凡的能力，能够吸引有才华的学生并激励他们从事研究。他自己从托马斯·亨利·赫胥黎（1825 - 1895）和克洛德·贝尔纳（1813 - 1878）的科学哲学中汲取灵感。福斯特积极参与了生理学会的创建（1876年），并创办和编辑了《生理学杂志》（1878年）。他关注医学生的科学训练，并撰写了一本广受赞誉的《生理学教科书》（1877年）。生理学本身成为了一门专业，英国生理学家处于研究的前沿。
