Brain Sciences Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, 400 Burwood Road, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
Schizophr Bull. 2010 Jul;36(4):680-7. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbn136. Epub 2008 Oct 26.
Schizophrenia patients have been shown to be compromised in their ability to recognize facial emotion. This deficit has been shown to be related to negative symptoms severity. However, to date, most studies have used static rather than dynamic depictions of faces. Nineteen patients with schizophrenia were compared with seventeen controls on 2 tasks; the first involving the discrimination of facial identity, emotion, and butterfly wings; the second testing emotion recognition using both static and dynamic stimuli. In the first task, the patients performed more poorly than controls for emotion discrimination only, confirming a specific deficit in facial emotion recognition. In the second task, patients performed more poorly in both static and dynamic facial emotion processing. An interesting pattern of associations suggestive of a possible double dissociation emerged in relation to correlations with symptom ratings: high negative symptom ratings were associated with poorer recognition of static displays of emotion, whereas high positive symptom ratings were associated with poorer recognition of dynamic displays of emotion. However, while the strength of associations between negative symptom ratings and accuracy during static and dynamic facial emotion processing was significantly different, those between positive symptom ratings and task performance were not. The results confirm a facial emotion-processing deficit in schizophrenia using more ecologically valid dynamic expressions of emotion. The pattern of findings may reflect differential patterns of cortical dysfunction associated with negative and positive symptoms of schizophrenia in the context of differential neural mechanisms for the processing of static and dynamic displays of facial emotion.
精神分裂症患者在识别面部情绪的能力上存在缺陷。这种缺陷与负面症状的严重程度有关。然而，迄今为止，大多数研究都使用静态而非动态的面部描绘。19 名精神分裂症患者和 17 名对照组在 2 项任务中进行了比较；第一项任务涉及面部身份、情绪和蝴蝶翅膀的辨别；第二项任务使用静态和动态刺激测试情绪识别。在第一项任务中，患者在情绪辨别方面的表现明显不如对照组，这证实了他们在面部情绪识别方面存在特定的缺陷。在第二项任务中，患者在静态和动态面部情绪处理方面的表现都较差。与症状评分相关的关联出现了有趣的模式，提示可能存在双重分离：高阴性症状评分与情绪的静态显示识别较差相关，而高阳性症状评分与情绪的动态显示识别较差相关。然而，虽然负性症状评分与静态和动态面部情绪处理过程中的准确性之间的关联强度有显著差异，但正性症状评分与任务表现之间的关联没有显著差异。这些结果证实了精神分裂症患者存在面部情绪处理缺陷，使用了更具生态有效性的情绪动态表达。研究结果可能反映了与精神分裂症的阴性和阳性症状相关的皮质功能障碍的不同模式，而这种不同模式与静态和动态面部情绪显示处理的不同神经机制有关。
