Nemoto Tooru, Iwamoto Mariko, Colby Donn, Witt Samantha, Pishori Alefiyah, Le Mai Nhung, Vinh Dang Thi Nhat, Giang Le Truong
Public Health Institute, 180 Grand Ave., Suite 750, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2008 Oct;20(5):435-53. doi: 10.1521/aeap.2008.20.5.435.
This study quantitatively and qualitatively described HIV risk behaviors among Vietnamese female sex workers (FSWs) who work at three distinct venues in Ho Chi Minh City: street, massage parlors, and bars/clubs. Although 35% of the participants had never been tested for HIV, 18% of street and 7% of bar/club FSWs reported being positive. Almost all massage parlor FSWs had never used a condom for oral sex. Inconsistent condom use for vaginal sex with customers was more prevalent among bar/club FSWs (85%) than massage parlor (72%) and street FSWs (68%). Many participants reported difficulties in negotiating condom use with customers because of economic pressure, maintaining relationships, and lack of bargaining power. Bar/club FSWs revealed a difficult situation where drinking is part of their work. Thirty percent of street FSWs had injected drugs and reported addiction to heroin in relation to their helpless condition as FSWs. Street FSWs had the lowest levels of self-esteem and norms toward practicing safe sex and the highest levels of economic pressure. This study recommends future HIV prevention programs for FSWs in Vietnam that target their specific risk behaviors and work environments.
本研究对在胡志明市三个不同场所工作的越南女性性工作者（FSW）的艾滋病毒风险行为进行了定量和定性描述，这些场所分别是街头、按摩院和酒吧/俱乐部。尽管35%的参与者从未接受过艾滋病毒检测，但18%的街头FSW和7%的酒吧/俱乐部FSW报告检测呈阳性。几乎所有按摩院FSW在口交时从未使用过避孕套。与顾客进行阴道性交时不坚持使用避孕套的情况在酒吧/俱乐部FSW（85%）中比在按摩院FSW（72%）和街头FSW（68%）中更为普遍。许多参与者报告称，由于经济压力、维持关系以及缺乏议价能力，在与顾客协商使用避孕套方面存在困难。酒吧/俱乐部FSW面临着饮酒是其工作一部分的困境。30%的街头FSW曾注射毒品，并报告因身为FSW的无助状况而对海洛因成瘾。街头FSW在进行安全性行为方面的自尊水平和规范最低，经济压力最大。本研究建议为越南的FSW制定未来的艾滋病毒预防计划，针对她们特定的风险行为和工作环境。
