Creamer Gowan L, Civil Ian, Koelmeyer Timothy, Adams David, Cacala Shas, Thompson John
Trauma Services, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
ANZ J Surg. 2008 Nov;78(11):995-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-2197.2008.04719.x.
The burden of severe injury is an important health statistic. When accurate injury data are linked to census population data a reference dataset can be obtained. This information is vital to direct injury prevention and trauma system development.
Severe injury was defined as death or injury severity score more than 15. Resident population projections for the Auckland region (2004) were provided by New Zealand Statistics. Combining data from coronial autopsy and four hospital trauma databases provided age, sex, mechanism, mortality and hospitalization information for severely injured Aucklanders. Mechanism groupings were both blunt, penetrating or burn; and activity based (motor vehicle related (occupant and pedestrian), falls, hanging, assault, burns, sports, playing, aircraft, boating and work related).
Four hundred and forty-eight Auckland residents had severe injuries of which 192 died. The mortality and severe injury rates (includes mortality) were 14.4/100,000 and 33.6/100,000, respectively. Groups that were overrepresented in the population were male sex, those aged 15-29, those aged >75. Injury rate was lowest in those aged 0-14 years. Injury causes were motor vehicle related (50%), falls (19%), hangings (15%), assault (11%) and other: burns, work related, sports, playing, aircraft and boating related (5%) and 3.8% of cases were from penetrating mechanism. Hangings, road traffic crashes, assaults and falls had at-scene mortality rates of 100, 26, 25 and 6% and inpatient mortality rates of 0, 11, 4 and 17%, respectively (P < 0.05).
Auckland has a severe injury rate that is lower than other similar studies. Contributing factors include: low interpersonal violence rates, the predominantly urban population, the data source and the inclusion of the paediatric age group.
重伤负担是一项重要的健康统计数据。当准确的伤害数据与人口普查数据相关联时，便可获得一个参考数据集。这些信息对于指导伤害预防和创伤系统发展至关重要。
重伤定义为死亡或损伤严重程度评分超过15分。新西兰统计局提供了奥克兰地区（2004年）的常住人口预测数据。将死因解剖数据和四个医院创伤数据库的数据相结合，提供了重伤奥克兰人的年龄、性别、致伤机制、死亡率和住院信息。致伤机制分组包括钝器伤、穿透伤或烧伤；以及基于活动的分组（与机动车相关（乘客和行人）、跌倒、上吊、袭击、烧伤、运动、玩耍、飞机、划船和与工作相关）。
448名奥克兰居民受重伤，其中192人死亡。死亡率和重伤率（包括死亡）分别为14.4/10万和33.6/10万。在人口中占比过高的群体为男性、15 - 29岁人群、75岁以上人群。0 - 14岁人群的伤害率最低。伤害原因包括与机动车相关（50%）、跌倒（19%）、上吊（15%）、袭击（11%）以及其他：烧伤、与工作相关、运动、玩耍、飞机和划船相关（5%），3.8%的病例为穿透伤机制。上吊、道路交通事故、袭击和跌倒的现场死亡率分别为100%、26%、25%和6%，住院死亡率分别为0%、11%、4%和17%（P < 0.05）。
奥克兰的重伤率低于其他类似研究。促成因素包括：人际暴力发生率低、主要为城市人口、数据来源以及纳入了儿童年龄组。
