Oseni O G, Olamoyegun K D, Olaitan P B
Department of Surgery, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria.
Burn Unit, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital Osogbo, Nigeria.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2017 Dec 31;30(4):247-249.
Burn injuries are often seen among the paediatric population. Mortality from burn injuries is high in developing countries. Poor facilities and poverty contribute to this. A look at the epidemiology of burn injuries among children from this part of the world will therefore serve as a means for developing programs for burn injury prevention. A retrospective review of burn injuries among the paediatric population was conducted. The aim was to outline common aetiologies, sex predisposition and sites of injury with a view to recommending possible ways of preventing these injuries. A total of 148 children sustained burn injuries during the period under study. There were 85 (57.4%) boys and 63 (42.6%) girls. Scald was the most common cause of injury, observed in 127 (85.8%) children, followed by flame burn in 18 (12.2%), chemical burn in 2 (1.4%), and friction burn in 1 (0.68%). Almost all of the injuries (144, 98%) occurred at home. Sources of heat were hot water, which caused injury in 109 (73.6%) children, and hot oil, hot soup and hot soya milk which were responsible for 7 (4.7%), 7 (4.7%) and 3 (2.0%) cases, respectively. Other sources were kerosene explosion (7, 4.7%), burning firewood (1, 0.6%) petrol explosion (5, 3.4%), candlelight (3, 2.0%), hot ashes (1, 0.6%), soot (1, 0.6%), burned house, chemicals and friction (1, 0.6%). Preventive methods are suggested based on aetiologies, and include education and certain precautions in the home environment. These will reduce burn injuries and associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries.
烧伤在儿童群体中较为常见。在发展中国家，烧伤导致的死亡率很高。设施简陋和贫困是造成这种情况的原因。因此，研究该地区儿童烧伤的流行病学情况将有助于制定烧伤预防计划。对儿童群体中的烧伤情况进行了回顾性研究。目的是梳理常见病因、性别易感性和受伤部位，以便推荐预防这些伤害的可能方法。在研究期间，共有148名儿童遭受烧伤。其中男孩85名（57.4%），女孩63名（42.6%）。烫伤是最常见的致伤原因，127名（85.8%）儿童因烫伤受伤，其次是火焰烧伤18名（12.2%）、化学烧伤2名（1.4%）、摩擦烧伤1名（0.68%）。几乎所有伤害（144例，98%）都发生在家中。热源包括热水，导致109名（73.6%）儿童受伤；热油、热汤和热豆浆分别导致7例（4.7%）、7例（4.7%）和3例（2.0%）受伤。其他热源包括煤油爆炸（7例，4.7%）、烧柴（1例，0.6%）、汽油爆炸（5例，3.4%）、烛光（3例，2.0%）、热灰（1例，0.6%）、烟尘（1例，0.6%）、房屋着火、化学品和摩擦（各1例，0.6%）。根据病因提出了预防方法，包括教育和家庭环境中的某些预防措施。这些措施将降低发展中国家的烧伤发生率以及相关的发病率和死亡率。
