Anderegg G
Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, CH 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
Talanta. 1993 Feb;40(2):243-6. doi: 10.1016/0039-9140(93)80329-p.
The inert salts used for the investigations of complex formation are briefly discussed in relation to the effects of their ions on the equilibria studied. In general, some association with the inert salt ions cannot be completely avoided. In case of very stable complexes measured at low ionic strength, their effects can be quantified even though they are not caused by the anion if NO(-)(3) or ClO(-)(4) are used. In the case of weak complexes, when ionic strengths I > or =1 are used, the concentration of the complex of interest can be 1000 times lower than that of the associates of the same cation with the anion of the inert salt causing difficulties with the investigation of the latter systems. If the experimental results for K(1) of the alkaline-earth metal ions with fluoride in sodium perchlorate and sodium nitrate are correct, as their equilibrium constants have very similar values, it follows that the behavior of two anions is very similar. However, if NO(-)(3) associates with the above cations, as found, the same behavior is expected for ClO(-)(4). A more accurate analysis can only be done if activity coefficients in these solutions are known.
本文简要讨论了用于研究配合物形成的惰性盐，以及它们的离子对所研究平衡的影响。一般来说，与惰性盐离子的某种缔合是无法完全避免的。在低离子强度下测量非常稳定的配合物时，即使它们不是由使用的硝酸根离子（NO₃⁻）或高氯酸根离子（ClO₄⁻）的阴离子引起的，其影响也可以量化。在使用离子强度I≥1的弱配合物的情况下，目标配合物的浓度可能比相同阳离子与惰性盐阴离子缔合物的浓度低1000倍，这给研究后一种体系带来了困难。如果碱土金属离子与氟化物在高氯酸钠和硝酸钠中的K₁实验结果是正确的，由于它们的平衡常数非常相似，那么两种阴离子的行为非常相似。然而，如果发现硝酸根离子（NO₃⁻）与上述阳离子缔合，那么高氯酸根离子（ClO₄⁻）也会有相同的行为。只有知道这些溶液中的活度系数，才能进行更准确的分析。
