Braggion F, Ceriotti F, Chiumello G
Pediatric Department, Scientific Institute H. San Raffaele, University of Milan, Italy.
Z Med Lab Diagn. 1991;32(3-4):159-62.
The laboratory contribution in the care of a seriously ill child is essential to plan and organize the therapy after the first-step emergency care and to know the aethiology of the illness. The most acute syndromes in pediatric emergency care are: coma, convulsions, dehydration, metabolic disequilibrium, hypovolemic or anaphylactic shock, serious infectious diseases and chemical or drug poisoning. The laboratory tests which have to be available within few minutes are blood cell count, hemogasanalysis, sodium, potassium and calcium, glucose. Total proteins, serum creatinine and urea, bleeding tests, blood smear, sedimentation rate, ALT, AST, osmolality, urinary electrolytes and creatinine and cerebrospinal fluid examination should be available within sixty minutes. New accurate and rapid techniques and instrumentations make easier the diagnostic and therapeutical approach to pediatric emergency.
在危重病童护理中，实验室检查对于在第一步急救护理后规划和组织治疗以及了解疾病病因至关重要。儿科急诊护理中最急性的综合征包括：昏迷、惊厥、脱水、代谢失衡、低血容量性或过敏性休克、严重传染病以及化学或药物中毒。必须在几分钟内获得的实验室检查项目有血细胞计数、血气分析、钠、钾、钙、葡萄糖。总蛋白、血清肌酐和尿素、出血检查、血涂片、血沉、谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、渗透压、尿电解质和肌酐以及脑脊液检查应在60分钟内完成。新的精确快速技术和仪器设备使儿科急诊的诊断和治疗方法更加简便。
