Drewnowski A, Kurth C L, Rahaim J E
Program in Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Oct;54(4):635-41. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/54.4.635.
Taste-response profiles influence food selection and may help distinguish among potential subgroups of obese individuals. A representative community-based sample of 61 obese and 31 lean adults tasted five sucrose solutions and nine fat-containing solid stimuli resembling cake icings. Solid stimuli contained 15-35% fat and 20-70% sucrose (by weight). No significant differences in taste responsiveness were observed between obese and lean groups. Obese subjects were then divided into subgroups based on age at onset of obesity and past fluctuations in body weight. Obese subjects characterized by large weight fluctuations showed elevated preferences for sugar and fat mixtures compared with the stable subgroup. In contrast, early age at onset of obesity (less than 10 y), thought to be a measure of familial risk, had no significant effects on taste preferences. Environmental as opposed to familial factors may be more immediate determinants of taste preferences and food choice.
味觉反应特征会影响食物选择，并且可能有助于区分肥胖个体的潜在亚组。一项以社区为基础的代表性样本，包含61名肥胖成年人和31名瘦成年人，他们品尝了五种蔗糖溶液和九种类似蛋糕糖霜的含脂肪固体刺激物。固体刺激物含有15% - 35%的脂肪和20% - 70%的蔗糖（按重量计）。肥胖组和瘦组之间在味觉反应性上未观察到显著差异。然后，肥胖受试者根据肥胖发病年龄和过去体重波动情况被分为亚组。与体重稳定的亚组相比，以体重波动大为特征的肥胖受试者对糖和脂肪混合物的偏好更高。相比之下，肥胖发病年龄早（小于10岁），这被认为是家族风险的一种衡量指标，对味觉偏好没有显著影响。与家族因素相对的环境因素可能是味觉偏好和食物选择更直接的决定因素。
