Campbell Edward M, Hope Thomas J
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Trends Microbiol. 2008 Dec;16(12):580-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2008.09.006. Epub 2008 Oct 30.
Technology developed in the past 10 years has dramatically increased the ability of researchers to directly visualize and measure various stages of the HIV type 1 (HIV-1) life cycle. In many cases, imaging-based approaches have filled critical gaps in our understanding of how certain aspects of viral replication occur in cells. Specifically, live cell imaging has allowed a better understanding of dynamic, transient events that occur during HIV-1 replication, including the steps involved in viral fusion, trafficking of the viral nucleoprotein complex in the cytoplasm and even the nucleus during infection and the formation of new virions from an infected cell. In this review, we discuss how researchers have exploited fluorescent microscopy methodologies to observe and quantify these events occurring during the replication of HIV-1 in living cells.
过去10年里发展起来的技术极大地提高了研究人员直接观察和测量1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）生命周期各个阶段的能力。在许多情况下，基于成像的方法填补了我们在理解病毒复制某些方面如何在细胞中发生方面的关键空白。具体而言，活细胞成像使人们能够更好地理解HIV-1复制过程中发生的动态、短暂事件，包括病毒融合所涉及的步骤、感染期间病毒核蛋白复合物在细胞质甚至细胞核中的运输以及从受感染细胞形成新病毒颗粒的过程。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了研究人员如何利用荧光显微镜方法来观察和量化HIV-1在活细胞中复制过程中发生的这些事件。
