Morozumi Takeya, Naito Tadasuke, Lan Pham Doan, Nakajima Emiko, Mitsuhashi Tadayoshi, Mikawa Satoshi, Hayashi Takeshi, Awata Takashi, Uenishi Hirohide, Nagata Kyosuke, Watanabe Tomomasa, Hamasima Noriyuki
Second Research Division, Institute of Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (STAFF-Institute), 446-1 Ippaizuka, Kamiyokoba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0854, Japan.
Mol Immunol. 2009 Feb;46(5):858-65. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.09.019. Epub 2008 Nov 1.
Mx, an interferon-inducible protein, is found in various vertebrates and confers resistance to several RNA viruses. At least two Mx proteins occur in vertebrates, and these proteins are key components of innate defense against viral infection. In mice and humans, the two Mx genes have different antiviral activities. Both Mx1 and Mx2 have also been detected in pigs, although only a partial sequence of porcine Mx2 has been reported, and there is no information on its antiviral activity. Here, we report the structure of the intact porcine Mx2 gene having an open reading frame of 2136 bp. We also determined the sequence of the genomic region containing the entire porcine Mx2 gene in addition to Mx1 gene. A weak constitutive expression of porcine Mx2 mRNA and endogenous Mx2 protein was observed in interferon-untreated cells. Porcine endogenous Mx2 protein showed nuclear localization. Furthermore, assays using NIH3T3 cells transfected with Mx genes showed that porcine Mx2 possessed antiviral activity against influenza, although this activity was lower than that of human MxA. This report is the first to describe the intact porcine Mx2 gene, which is a functional gene that may play a key role in the clearance of viruses in pigs.
Mx是一种干扰素诱导蛋白，存在于多种脊椎动物中，可对多种RNA病毒产生抗性。脊椎动物中至少存在两种Mx蛋白，这些蛋白是抵抗病毒感染的固有防御的关键组成部分。在小鼠和人类中，两种Mx基因具有不同的抗病毒活性。在猪中也检测到了Mx1和Mx2，不过猪Mx2仅报道了部分序列，且尚无其抗病毒活性的相关信息。在此，我们报道了完整的猪Mx2基因结构，其开放阅读框为2136 bp。我们还确定了除Mx1基因外包含整个猪Mx2基因的基因组区域序列。在未用干扰素处理的细胞中观察到猪Mx2 mRNA和内源性Mx2蛋白的弱组成型表达。猪内源性Mx2蛋白显示出核定位。此外，对转染了Mx基因的NIH3T3细胞进行的检测表明，猪Mx2对流感具有抗病毒活性，尽管该活性低于人MxA。本报告首次描述了完整的猪Mx2基因，它是一个可能在猪清除病毒过程中起关键作用的功能基因。
