Dolina O A, Gur'ianov V A, Tiukov V L, Bol'shakova T D, Aliautdin R N
Anesteziol Reanimatol. 1991 May-Jun(3):6-10.
Clopheline (2-3 micrograms/kg; 2-2.2 micrograms/kg in weak patients) as a component of premedication, for the induction to anesthesia, and in combined endotracheal anesthesia as an analgesic and vegetostabilizing agent has been used in 150 patients, aged 60 to 85 years during planned and emergency surgery. Reduced doses of barbiturates (3 mg/kg) and fentanyl (1.5-2.1 micrograms/kg for the induction to anesthesia and 0.5-0.67 micrograms/kg for analgesia maintenance) were used. At certain stages use was made of droperidol, beginning with a test dose 1.25 mg and not exceeding 5 mg during surgery. The use of clopheline in this category of patients ensures neurovegetative inhibition adequate to the operation stress. In 80% of patients favourable hemodynamic changes have been observed. 20% of patients require droperidol administration at a dose 1.25-5 mg during surgery. Due to low doses, the risk of complication associated with the use of narcotic analgesics in elderly and old patients is reduced considerably.
氯非那明（2 - 3微克/千克；体弱患者为2 - 2.2微克/千克）作为术前用药的一部分，用于诱导麻醉，并在气管内联合麻醉中作为镇痛和植物神经稳定药物，已用于150例年龄在60至85岁之间进行择期和急诊手术的患者。使用了减少剂量的巴比妥类药物（3毫克/千克）和芬太尼（诱导麻醉时为1.5 - 2.1微克/千克，维持镇痛时为0.5 - 0.67微克/千克）。在某些阶段使用了氟哌利多，从1.25毫克的试验剂量开始，手术期间不超过5毫克。在此类患者中使用氯非那明可确保对手术应激有足够的神经植物抑制作用。80%的患者观察到有利的血流动力学变化。20%的患者在手术期间需要给予1.25 - 5毫克剂量的氟哌利多。由于剂量较低，老年患者使用麻醉性镇痛药相关的并发症风险显著降低。
