Herron Meghan E, Shofer Frances S, Reisner Ilana R
Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2008 Nov 1;233(9):1420-4. doi: 10.2460/javma.233.9.1420.
To characterize the effects of diazepam in dogs with behavior problems and to determine whether adverse effects were of sufficient concern to owners to prompt drug discontinuation.
Cross-sectional study.
37 dogs and their owners.
Dogs for which diazepam had been prescribed by the behavior service of a veterinary teaching hospital from July 2005 through June 2007 were identified. Owners were interviewed via telephone to obtain data on dose and frequency of administration of diazepam, effectiveness, adverse effects, and, when applicable, reasons for discontinuing the drug.
Diazepam was described as very (24% [9/37]) or somewhat (43% [16/37]) effective by most owners. At the time of the interview, 18 (49%) owners reported that they were still administering diazepam to their dogs. For the remainder, reasons for discontinuation included adverse effects (58% [11/19]) and lack of efficacy (53% [10/19]). Reported adverse effects included sedation, increased appetite, ataxia, agitation, increased activity, and aggression. Owners administering diazepam to ameliorate fear of thunderstorms (24% [9/37]) were more likely to view diazepam as effective than were owners of dogs that received it for separation anxiety (54% [20/37]). Owners of dogs that received > or = 0.8 mg of diazepam/kg (0.36 mg/lb) were more likely to report increased activity as an adverse effect than were owners of dogs that received < 0.8 mg/kg.
Adverse effects of diazepam in dogs were commonly reported and often led to drug discontinuation. Owner education and follow-up is recommended to avoid treatment failure when prescribing diazepam for anxiety-related behavior problems in dogs.
描述地西泮对有行为问题犬只的影响，并确定不良反应是否严重到足以引起犬主关注并促使其停药。
横断面研究。
37只犬及其主人。
确定2005年7月至2007年6月间由一家兽医教学医院行为科开具地西泮处方的犬只。通过电话采访犬主，获取地西泮的给药剂量和频率、有效性、不良反应以及（如适用）停药原因等数据。
大多数犬主称地西泮非常有效（24%[9/37]）或有些效果（43%[16/37]）。在采访时，18位（49%）犬主报告仍在给其犬只服用地西泮。其余犬主停药的原因包括不良反应（58%[11/19]）和缺乏疗效（53%[10/19]）。报告的不良反应包括镇静、食欲增加、共济失调、激动、活动增加和攻击行为。给犬服用地西泮以缓解对雷声恐惧的犬主（24%[9/37]）比给犬服用地西泮以缓解分离焦虑的犬主（54%[20/37]）更倾向于认为地西泮有效。接受≥0.8毫克/千克（0.36毫克/磅）地西泮的犬主比接受<0.8毫克/千克地西泮的犬主更有可能报告活动增加是一种不良反应。
犬用地西泮的不良反应常见，且常导致停药。在为犬的焦虑相关行为问题开地西泮处方时，建议对犬主进行教育并进行随访，以避免治疗失败。
