事件相关脑电位揭示的种族内群体和外群体注意偏向。
Racial ingroup and outgroup attention biases revealed by event-related brain potentials.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Union College, Schenectady, NY 12308, USA.
出版信息
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2007 Sep;2(3):189-98. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsm012.
Abstract
Recent electrophysiological research indicates that perceivers differentiate others on the basis of race extremely quickly. However, most categorization studies have been limited to White participants, neglecting potential differences in processing between racial groups. Moreover, the extent to which race interferes with categorization along other dimensions when race is made irrelevant to a perceiver's task is not known. A gender categorization task was used to test the extent to which race information would implicitly interfere with explicit gender categorization. As predicted, behavioral and electrocortical data indicated that participants attended to both the task-relevant gender dimension and the task-irrelevant race dimension. Additionally, processing of target race differed between Black and White participants. Ingroup attention biases in the N200 component of the event-related brain potential facilitated target categorization, suggesting a potential functional role for early differentiation of ingroup and outgroup targets.
摘要
最近的电生理学研究表明，知觉者可以非常迅速地根据种族来区分他人。然而，大多数分类研究仅限于白人参与者，忽略了不同种族群体之间在处理上的潜在差异。此外，当种族与知觉者的任务无关时，种族会在多大程度上干扰其他维度的分类，目前还不得而知。一个性别分类任务被用来测试种族信息在多大程度上会隐性地干扰明确的性别分类。正如预测的那样，行为和脑电数据表明，参与者既关注任务相关的性别维度，也关注任务无关的种族维度。此外，黑人参与者和白人参与者对面部种族的加工也不同。事件相关脑电位的 N200 成分中的内群体注意偏差促进了目标分类，这表明对内群体和外群体目标的早期区分可能具有潜在的功能作用。
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