Taylor Robert N, Yu Jie, Torres Paulo B, Schickedanz Aimee C, Park John K, Mueller Michael D, Sidell Neil
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Human Uterine Biology Program, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
Reprod Sci. 2009 Feb;16(2):140-6. doi: 10.1177/1933719108324893. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
Like tumor metastases, endometriotic implants require neovascularization to proliferate and invade into ectopic sites within the host. Endometrial tissue, with its robust stem cell populations and remarkable regenerative capabilities, is a rich source of proangiogenic factors. Among the most potent and extensively studied of these proteins, vascular endothelial growth factor has emerged as a critical vasculogenic regulator in endometriosis. Accordingly, angiogenesis of the nascent endometriotic lesion has become an attractive target for novel medical therapeutics and strategies to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor action. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene regulation in endometrial and endometriosis cells by nuclear receptors, other transcription factors, and also by infiltrating immune cells is emphasized. New data showing that oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress increase vascular endothelial growth factor expression are provided. Finally, we review the clinical implications of angiogenesis in this condition and propose potential antiangiogenic therapies that may become useful in the control or eradication of endometriotic lesions.
与肿瘤转移一样，子宫内膜异位植入物需要新生血管形成才能增殖并侵入宿主内的异位部位。子宫内膜组织拥有丰富的干细胞群体和卓越的再生能力，是促血管生成因子的丰富来源。在这些蛋白质中，血管内皮生长因子是最有效且研究最广泛的，已成为子宫内膜异位症中关键的血管生成调节因子。因此，新生子宫内膜异位病变的血管生成已成为新型医学治疗方法和抑制血管内皮生长因子作用策略的一个有吸引力的靶点。文中强调了核受体、其他转录因子以及浸润免疫细胞对子宫内膜和子宫内膜异位症细胞中血管内皮生长因子基因的调控。还提供了新的数据表明氧化应激和内质网应激会增加血管内皮生长因子的表达。最后，我们回顾了这种情况下血管生成的临床意义，并提出了可能有助于控制或消除子宫内膜异位病变的潜在抗血管生成疗法。
