Leto Ketty, Bartolini Alice, Rossi Ferdinando
Department of Neuroscience and Rita Levi Montalcini Centre for Brain Repair, National Institute of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Cerebellum. 2008;7(4):523-9. doi: 10.1007/s12311-008-0079-z.
The cerebellar circuits comprise a limited number of neuronal phenotypes embedded in a defined cytoarchitecture and generated according to specific spatio-temporal patterns. The local GABAergic network is composed of several interneuron phenotypes that play essential roles in information processing by modulating the activity of cerebellar cortical inputs and outputs. A major issue in the study of cerebellar development is to understand the mechanisms that underlie the generation of different interneuron classes and regulate their placement in the cerebellar architecture and integration in the cortico-nuclear network. Recent findings indicate that the variety of cerebellar interneurons derives from a single population of multipotent progenitors whose fate choices are determined by instructive environmental information. Such a strategy, which is unique for the cerebellum along the neuraxis, allows great flexibility in the control of the quality and quantity of GABAergic interneurons that are produced, thus facilitating the adaptive shaping of the cerebellar network to specific functional demands.
小脑回路由数量有限的神经元表型组成，这些表型嵌入特定的细胞结构中，并根据特定的时空模式生成。局部GABA能网络由几种中间神经元表型组成，它们通过调节小脑皮质输入和输出的活动在信息处理中发挥重要作用。小脑发育研究中的一个主要问题是了解不同中间神经元类别的产生机制，并调节它们在小脑结构中的位置以及在皮质-核网络中的整合。最近的研究结果表明，各种小脑中间神经元来源于单一的多能祖细胞群体，其命运选择由指导性的环境信息决定。这种策略在神经轴上的小脑中是独一无二的，它在控制所产生的GABA能中间神经元的质量和数量方面具有很大的灵活性，从而有助于小脑网络根据特定的功能需求进行适应性塑造。
