Schjøth Johanne E, Visconti Angelo, Sundheim Leif
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, As, Norway.
Mycopathologia. 2009 Apr;167(4):209-19. doi: 10.1007/s11046-008-9166-4. Epub 2008 Nov 12.
Field experiments in the high rainfall zone (HRZ) and the medium rainfall zone (MRZ) in Zambia were designed to determine the natural occurrence of fumonisins (FB(1-2)) in Zambian maize hybrids, accumulation of FB(1-2) resulting from artificial inoculation with Fusarium verticillioides and effects of climate and planting time on FB(1-2) in maize. Combined FB(1-2) concentrations varied from 0 to 13,050 ng/g, with an overall mean of 666 ng/g. Maize from the HRZ had low incidences of FB(1-2)-positive samples (mean 41%) which contained FB(1-2) below 500 ng/g. In the MRZ, higher incidences (mean 97%) and concentrations (40% of samples >1,000 ng/g) were recorded in two out of three years. There was no correlation between mean location FB(1-2) concentrations in individual years and precipitation, number of rain days or monthly precipitation. Postponing the planting time with 10 or 20 days did not significantly affect FB(1-2) concentration, but it reduced the yields in some years.
在赞比亚的高降雨区（HRZ）和中等降雨区（MRZ）开展了田间试验，旨在确定赞比亚玉米杂交种中伏马菌素（FB(1 - 2)）的自然发生率、接种轮枝镰孢菌后FB(1 - 2)的积累情况以及气候和种植时间对玉米中FB(1 - 2)的影响。FB(1 - 2)的总浓度在0至13,050纳克/克之间，总体平均值为666纳克/克。来自高降雨区的玉米中，FB(1 - 2)阳性样本的发生率较低（平均41%），且所含FB(1 - 2)低于500纳克/克。在中等降雨区，在三年中的两年里记录到了较高的发生率（平均97%）和浓度（40%的样本>1,000纳克/克）。各年份单个地点的FB(1 - 2)平均浓度与降水量、降雨天数或月降水量之间没有相关性。将种植时间推迟10天或20天对FB(1 - 2)浓度没有显著影响，但在某些年份会降低产量。
