Visconti A, Doko M B
Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, C.N.R., Bari, Italy.
J AOAC Int. 1994 Mar-Apr;77(2):546-50.
Strains of Fusarium isolated from corn, sorghum, wheat, barley, and mixed feed from Italy, Spain, Poland, and France were tested for the production of fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2) in corn cultures. All strains of F. moniliforme (1 from France, 10 from Italy, 15 from Poland, and 17 from Spain) and the one tested strain of F. proliferatum produced fumonisins in amounts scattered within a wide range of concentrations (0.7-4100 micrograms FB1/g). None or insignificant amounts of FB1 were detected in cultures of 11 F. subglutinans strains (< 0.5 microgram/g for 5 of 11 strains) or in cultures of 3 strains of Fusarium spp. not belonging to Liseola. FB2 was produced by all but one of the strains that produced FB1, and the FB2/FB1 ratio ranged from 0.1 to 0.37 (average, 0.22). The highest production of fumonisin was obtained with isolates from corn (average, 1259 micrograms FB1/g), followed by isolates from wheat (average, 769 micrograms FB1/g) and barley (average, 320 micrograms FB1/g). The production of fumonisins by isolates from sorghum was 2 orders of magnitude lower than corn. These results support data reported for similar surveys in geographical areas other than Europe. In particular, data indicate a situation in Europe that is very similar to North America in respect to fumonisin production by different Fusarium species (F. moniliforme and F. subglutinans) isolated from different substrates (corn and sorghum).
对从意大利、西班牙、波兰和法国的玉米、高粱、小麦、大麦及混合饲料中分离出的镰刀菌菌株，检测其在玉米培养物中伏马毒素B1和B2（FB1和FB2）的产生情况。所有串珠镰刀菌菌株（1株来自法国、10株来自意大利、15株来自波兰、17株来自西班牙）以及所检测的1株轮枝镰刀菌菌株都产生了伏马毒素，其含量分布在较宽的浓度范围内（0.7 - 4100微克FB1/克）。在11株胶孢镰刀菌菌株的培养物中未检测到FB1或检测到的量极少（11株中有5株<0.5微克/克），在不属于座壳孢属的3株镰刀菌属菌株的培养物中也未检测到FB1。除1株产生FB1的菌株外，其余产生FB1的菌株均产生FB2，FB2/FB1的比值在0.1至0.37之间（平均为0.22）。从玉米中分离出的菌株产生伏马毒素的量最高（平均为1259微克FB1/克），其次是从小麦中分离出的菌株（平均为769微克FB1/克）和大麦（平均为320微克FB1/克）。从高粱中分离出的菌株产生伏马毒素的量比玉米低2个数量级。这些结果支持了欧洲以外地理区域类似调查所报告的数据。特别是，数据表明在欧洲，就从不同底物（玉米和高粱）中分离出的不同镰刀菌物种（串珠镰刀菌和胶孢镰刀菌）产生伏马毒素的情况而言，与北美非常相似。
