Egeberg Rikke, Olsen Anja, Loft Steffen, Christensen Jane, Johnsen Nina Føns, Overvad Kim, Tjønneland Anne
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, The Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Cancer. 2009 Feb 1;124(3):745-50. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23992.
No clear relationship between whole grain products and risk of breast cancer has been established. In a large prospective cohort study, we investigated the association between intake of whole grain products and risk of breast cancer by tumour receptor status [oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR)] and tumour histology (ductal/lobular). It was further investigated whether the association differed by use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). The study included 25,278 postmenopausal women participating in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort study (1993-1997). During a mean follow-up time of 9.6 years, 978 breast cancer cases were diagnosed. Associations between intake of whole grain products and the breast cancer rate were analysed using Cox's regression model. A higher intake of whole grain products was not associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Per an increment in intake of total whole grain products of 50 g per day the adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.01 (0.96-1.07). Intake of rye bread, oatmeal and whole grain bread was not associated with breast cancer risk. No association was observed between the intake of total or specific whole grain products and the risk of developing ER+, ER-, PR+, PR-, combined ER/PR status, ductal or lobular breast cancer. Furthermore, there was no interaction between intake of whole grain products and use of HRT on risk of breast cancer. In conclusion, intake of whole grain products was not associated with risk of breast cancer in a cohort of Danish postmenopausal women.
全谷物产品与乳腺癌风险之间尚未确立明确的关系。在一项大型前瞻性队列研究中，我们按肿瘤受体状态[雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）]以及肿瘤组织学类型（导管/小叶）调查了全谷物产品摄入量与乳腺癌风险之间的关联。还进一步研究了这种关联在使用激素替代疗法（HRT）的情况下是否存在差异。该研究纳入了25278名参与丹麦饮食、癌症与健康队列研究（1993 - 1997年）的绝经后女性。在平均9.6年的随访期内，共诊断出978例乳腺癌病例。使用Cox回归模型分析了全谷物产品摄入量与乳腺癌发病率之间的关联。全谷物产品摄入量较高与乳腺癌风险较低并无关联。每天总全谷物产品摄入量每增加50克，校正后的发病率比值（95%置信区间）为1.01（0.96 - 1.07）。黑麦面包、燕麦片和全麦面包的摄入量与乳腺癌风险无关。未观察到总全谷物产品或特定全谷物产品的摄入量与ER阳性、ER阴性、PR阳性、PR阴性、ER/PR联合状态、导管或小叶型乳腺癌发生风险之间存在关联。此外，全谷物产品摄入量与使用HRT对乳腺癌风险不存在交互作用。总之，在丹麦绝经后女性队列中，全谷物产品摄入量与乳腺癌风险无关。
