Faculty of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
PLoS One. 2018 May 30;13(5):e0198017. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198017. eCollection 2018.
Recent studies indicate that lifestyle factors in early life affect breast cancer risk. We therefore explored the association of high consumption of meat, milk, and whole grain products in adolescence and midlife, on breast cancer risk. We used data from the population based AGES-Reykjavik cohort (2002-2006), where 3,326 women with a mean age of 77 years (SD 6.0) participated. For food items and principal component derived dietary patterns we used Cox proportional models to calculate multivariate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). During a mean follow-up of 8.8 years, 97 women were diagnosed with breast cancer. For both adolescence and midlife, daily consumption of rye bread was positively associated with breast cancer (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6 and HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-2.9, respectively). In contrast, persistent high consumption of oatmeal was negatively associated with breast cancer (0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9). No association was found for other food items or dietary patterns that included rye bread. High rye bread consumption in adolescence and midlife may increase risk of late-life breast cancer whilst persistent consumption of oatmeal may reduce the risk.
最近的研究表明，早年的生活方式因素会影响乳腺癌的风险。因此，我们探讨了青少年和中年时期大量摄入肉类、牛奶和全谷物产品与乳腺癌风险之间的关联。我们使用了基于人群的 AGES-Reykjavik 队列（2002-2006 年）的数据，该队列中有 3326 名女性，平均年龄为 77 岁（标准差为 6.0）。对于食物项目和主成分衍生的饮食模式，我们使用 Cox 比例模型计算了多变量风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。在平均 8.8 年的随访期间，97 名女性被诊断患有乳腺癌。对于青少年和中年时期，每日食用黑麦面包与乳腺癌呈正相关（HR 1.7，95%CI 1.1-2.6 和 HR 1.8，95%CI 1.1-2.9）。相比之下，长期大量食用燕麦片与乳腺癌呈负相关（0.4，95%CI 0.2-0.9）。对于其他食物项目或包含黑麦面包的饮食模式，没有发现关联。青少年和中年时期大量摄入黑麦面包可能会增加晚年患乳腺癌的风险，而长期摄入燕麦片可能会降低这种风险。
