Gürtler Ricardo E, Ceballos Leonardo A, Stariolo Raúl, Kitron Uriel, Reithinger Richard
Laboratory of Eco-Epidemiology, Department of Ecology, Genetics and Evolution, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Mar;103(3):298-304. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.09.018. Epub 2008 Nov 11.
We assessed the insecticidal effects of fipronil spot-on applied to experimental dogs on the blood-feeding success and other vital parameters of the Trypanosoma cruzi vector Triatoma infestans. In the first trial, the cumulative mortality of 30 third or fourth instar nymphs exposed to eight fipronil-treated dogs differed significantly from those exposed to untreated dogs at 1 week post-treatment, but not at baseline or at 2-6 weeks post-treatment. In the second trial, the effects of multiple exposures to fipronil-treated dogs on bug population dynamics were assessed. A population of 80-84 bugs of various life stages were allowed to colonize eight closed experimental huts, and then exposed twice weekly to control or treated dogs over a period of 110 days and censused at monthly intervals. Throughout the trial, multiple exposure to fipronil did not significantly affect bug population size, fecundity, hatching, molting, survival, blood-feeding success and degree of engorgement. Only when engorgement was taken to include only fully fed bugs, did fipronil significantly reduce their degree of engorgement relative to bugs exposed to control dogs. We conclude that at tested dosages fipronil spot-on would have little effect in controlling (peri)domestic Tri. infestans or protecting dogs from contact with the bugs.
我们评估了应用于实验犬的氟虫腈滴剂对克氏锥虫传播媒介骚扰锥蝽的吸血成功率及其他重要参数的杀虫效果。在首次试验中,暴露于8只经氟虫腈处理犬的30只三龄或四龄若虫在处理后1周的累积死亡率与暴露于未处理犬的若虫有显著差异,但在基线时以及处理后2 - 6周无显著差异。在第二次试验中,评估了多次暴露于经氟虫腈处理犬对锥蝽种群动态的影响。让80 - 84只处于不同生命阶段的锥蝽在8个封闭的实验小屋中定殖,然后在110天的时间里每周两次暴露于对照犬或处理犬,并每月进行一次普查。在整个试验过程中,多次暴露于氟虫腈对锥蝽的种群大小、繁殖力、孵化、蜕皮、存活、吸血成功率和饱食程度均无显著影响。只有当饱食仅包括完全饱腹的锥蝽时,相对于暴露于对照犬的锥蝽,氟虫腈才显著降低其饱食程度。我们得出结论,在所测试的剂量下,氟虫腈滴剂对控制(周边)家庭环境中的骚扰锥蝽或保护犬类免受锥蝽叮咬几乎没有效果。