Bovard Ralph S
Department of Orthopaedics & Sports Medicine, HealthPartners Specialty Center, St. Paul, MN 55130, USA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2008 Nov-Dec;7(6):359-66. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0b013e31818f0bed.
Athletes have traditionally been considered greater risk takers than their peers. Some research suggests that athletic participation is associated with increased risk behaviors in males but may be protective in females. Still there is significant intersport variability, and some "nonathlete" risk behaviors exceed those of athletes. Motor vehicle accidents, sensation-seeking behaviors that contribute to unintentional injury and violence, alcohol, illicit drug and tobacco use, sexual misadventure, unhealthy dietary habits, and physical inactivity and obesity are major health risk considerations. There is new focus upon the negative health-related consequences of other risk behaviors such as gambling, sleep apnea and obesity, inappropriate medication, energy drink or contaminated supplement use, and depression/suicide. While it is important to look at the prevalence of "risk behaviors in sport," our cautions regarding these behaviors need to be shared with all youth regardless of athletic disposition.
传统上，运动员被认为比同龄人更敢于冒险。一些研究表明，参与体育运动与男性风险行为增加有关，但对女性可能具有保护作用。然而，不同运动项目之间仍存在显著差异，一些“非运动员”的风险行为超过了运动员。机动车事故、导致意外伤害和暴力的寻求刺激行为、饮酒、非法药物和烟草使用、性冒险、不健康的饮食习惯、缺乏体育锻炼和肥胖是主要的健康风险考量因素。人们开始重新关注其他风险行为对健康的负面影响，如赌博、睡眠呼吸暂停和肥胖、不适当用药、使用能量饮料或受污染的补充剂，以及抑郁/自杀。虽然关注“体育活动中的风险行为”的普遍性很重要，但我们对这些行为的警示需要传达给所有青少年，无论其是否有运动倾向。
