Barbosa José Bonifácio, Silva Antonio Augusto Moura da, Santos Alcione Miranda dos, Monteiro Júnior Francisco das Chagas, Barbosa Márcio Mesquita, Barbosa Marcelo Mesquita, Figueiredo Neto José Albuquerque de, Soares Nivaldo de Jesus S, Nina Vinicius José da Silva, Barbosa José Nicodemo
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2008 Oct;91(4):236-42, 260-6. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2008001600009.
Little is known about the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) and its risk factors in the less developed regions of Brazil.
To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and its associated factors in the population > 18 years in São Luís, state of Maranhão according to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee (JNC 7) criteria.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in São Luís, MA, from February to March 2003, with 835 individuals >18 years who completed a structured household questionnaire. Measurements of arterial pressure (AP), weight, height and waist circumference were taken, and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease were assessed. The Poisson regression method was used for the identification of factors associated with AH, with an estimate of the prevalence ratio (PR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval.
Age varied from 18 and 94 years (mean age was 39.4 years), 293 (35.1%) individuals were normotensive and 313 (37.5%) were pre-hypertensive. The AH prevalence was 27.4% (95% CI--24.4% to 30.6%), and it was higher among men (32.1%) than among women (24.2%). In the adjusted analysis, the following remained independently associated with AH: male gender (PR 1.52, 95% CI, 1.25-1.84), age > or = 30 years, with PR=6.65, 95% CI, 4.40-10.05 for > or = 60 years of age, overweight (PR 2.09 95% CI 1.64-2.68), obesity (PR 2.68, 95% CI, 2.03-3.53) and diabetes (PR 1.56, 95% CI, 1.24-1.97).
These findings suggest the need to control overweight, obesity and diabetes, especially among women and individuals > or = 30 years of age in order to reduce the prevalence of arterial hypertension.
在巴西欠发达地区，关于动脉高血压（AH）的患病率及其风险因素知之甚少。
根据美国国家联合委员会第七次报告（JNC 7）标准，估计马拉尼昂州圣路易斯市18岁以上人群中动脉高血压的患病率及其相关因素。
2003年2月至3月在马塞约进行了一项横断面研究，对835名18岁以上完成结构化家庭问卷的个体进行了研究。测量了动脉压（AP）、体重、身高和腰围，并评估了其他心血管疾病风险因素。采用泊松回归方法确定与AH相关的因素，估计患病率比值（PR）及其相应的95%置信区间。
年龄在18岁至94岁之间（平均年龄为39.4岁），293人（35.1%）血压正常，313人（37.5%）为高血压前期。AH患病率为27.4%（95%置信区间为24.4%至30.6%），男性（32.1%）高于女性（24.2%）。在调整分析中，以下因素仍与AH独立相关：男性（PR 1.52，95%置信区间为1.25 - 1.84）、年龄≥30岁，60岁及以上者PR = 6.65，95%置信区间为4.40 - 10.05、超重（PR 2.09，95%置信区间为1.64 - 2.68）、肥胖（PR 2.68，95%置信区间为2.03 - 3.53）和糖尿病（PR 1.56，95%置信区间为1.24 - 1.97）。
这些发现表明，有必要控制超重、肥胖和糖尿病，尤其是在女性和30岁及以上人群中，以降低动脉高血压的患病率。
