Lessa Ines, Magalhães Lucélia, Araújo Maria Jenny, de Almeida Filho Naomar, Aquino Estela, Oliveira Mônica M C
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2006 Dec;87(6):747-56. doi: 10.1590/s0066-782x2006001900011.
To estimate the prevalence of hypertension (H) and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in a highly multiracial population.
A cross-sectional study carried out in Salvador, Brazil, in a population sample of 1439 adults > or = 20 years of age. All participants completed a questionnaire at home and had the following measurements taken: blood pressure, body weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and serum glucose and lipids. Hypertension was defined as mean SBP > or = 140 and/or DBP > or = 90 mmHg. Hypertension prevalence was estimated with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The associations were measured by the adjusted odds ratio (AOR), using regression analysis.
Overall prevalence of HA was 29.9%: 27.4% CI (23.9-31.2) in men and 31.7%, CI (28.5-34.9) in women. Among black men, this prevalence was 31.6%, and among black women, 41.1%. Among white men it was 25.8%, and among white women, 21.1%. Arterial hypertension was significantly associated with age > or = 40, overweight/obesity (aOR = 2.37[1.57-3.60]) for men and 1.62 (1.02-2.58) for women. Among men, HA was associated with a high level of education and among women, with dark brown and black skin, abdominal obesity, aOR = 2.05 CI (1.31-3.21), diabetes aOR = 2.16 CI (1.19-3.93), and menopause.
Arterial hypertension predominated among black people of both genders, and in women. Those variables that remained independently associated with AH differed in both genders, except overweight/obesity. Our results suggest the need for an in-depth study of AH among black people and early, continuing educational interventions.
评估高血压（H）在一个高度多民族人群中的患病率及其与其他心血管危险因素的关联。
在巴西萨尔瓦多进行的一项横断面研究，研究对象为1439名年龄≥20岁的成年人。所有参与者在家中完成一份问卷，并进行以下测量：血压、体重、身高、腰围（WC）以及血糖和血脂。高血压定义为平均收缩压≥140和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg。采用95%置信区间（CI）估计高血压患病率。使用回归分析通过调整后的优势比（AOR）来衡量关联。
高血压总体患病率为29.9%：男性为27.4%，CI（23.9 - 31.2），女性为31.7%，CI（28.5 - 34.9）。在黑人男性中，患病率为31.6%，在黑人女性中为41.1%。在白人男性中为25.8%，在白人女性中为21.1%。动脉高血压与年龄≥40岁、超重/肥胖显著相关（男性aOR = 2.37[1.57 - 3.60]，女性为1.62[1.02 - 2.58]）。在男性中，高血压与高学历相关，在女性中，与深棕色和黑色皮肤、腹部肥胖（aOR = 2.05 CI[1.31 - 3.21]）、糖尿病（aOR = 2.16 CI[1.19 - 3.93]）以及绝经相关。
动脉高血压在男女黑人以及女性中占主导地位。除超重/肥胖外，与动脉高血压独立相关的变量在男女中有所不同。我们的结果表明需要对黑人中的动脉高血压进行深入研究以及早期持续的教育干预。
