Kukleva Maria P, Petrova Svetla G, Kondeva Vesselina K, Nihtyanova Tanya I
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2008 Jul-Sep;50(3):71-5.
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental disturbance of enamel affecting the first permanent molars and permanent incisors. The epidemiological evidence on MIH prevalence shows it to be in the range of 3.6 to 25%. The prevalence of MIH has not been documented in Bulgaria which warranted the conduction of the present study.
To find the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation in Bulgarian children.
The study included randomly selected 2960 children aged 7 to 14 years from Plovdiv and born between 1992 and 1999. The children were allocated to age groups which were matched in number--each of them included 370 children and consisted of approximately equal number of girls and boys. The defect was assessed by visual and tactile inspection using directed light without the enamel surface being preliminary dried. The prevalence of MIH was determined totally and for each age group; also we determined the degree of damage by type of teeth, and the average number of affected teeth of one person with MIH. The results were analysed using alternative analysis at a level of significance P < 0.05.
The mean prevalence of MIH of the studied populations was 3.58%. The prevalence of MIH for the different age groups was within the range of 2.43-7.84%. The highest prevalence was found for the children born in 1999 (7.84%). It was significantly higher in comparing all age groups (P < 0.05) with the exception of those born in 1992 (P > 0.05). The mean number of affected teeth per person with MIH was 3.99 of which 2.08 were first permanent molars, 1.86--incisors and 0.5--canines. The incisors and the first permanent molars were approximately equally affected (P > 0.05).
The results of the study suggest that molar incisor hypomineralization can be found in Bulgarian children too. The prevalence of MIH and the mean number of affected teeth of one individual are lower than the data reported in similar studies in other countries.
磨牙切牙矿化不全（MIH）是一种影响第一恒磨牙和恒切牙釉质的发育障碍。关于MIH患病率的流行病学证据显示其在3.6%至25%的范围内。保加利亚尚未有MIH患病率的记录，这使得开展本研究很有必要。
确定保加利亚儿童中磨牙切牙矿化不全的患病率。
该研究随机选取了2960名年龄在7至14岁之间、1992年至1999年出生于普罗夫迪夫的儿童。这些儿童被分成数量匹配的年龄组——每组370名儿童，且男女数量大致相等。通过使用定向光进行视觉和触觉检查来评估缺陷，釉质表面无需预先干燥。确定了MIH的总体患病率以及每个年龄组的患病率；还按牙齿类型确定了损害程度以及一名MIH患者受影响牙齿的平均数量。使用显著性水平P < 0.05的替代分析方法对结果进行分析。
所研究人群中MIH的平均患病率为3.58%。不同年龄组的MIH患病率在2.43%至7.84%的范围内。1999年出生的儿童患病率最高（7.84%）。除1992年出生的儿童外（P > 0.05），与所有年龄组相比，该患病率显著更高（P < 0.05）。每名MIH患者受影响牙齿的平均数量为3.99颗，其中2.08颗为第一恒磨牙，1.86颗为切牙，0.5颗为尖牙。切牙和第一恒磨牙受影响程度大致相同（P > 于0.05）。
研究结果表明，保加利亚儿童中也可发现磨牙切牙矿化不全。MIH的患病率以及个体受影响牙齿的平均数量低于其他国家类似研究报告的数据。
