黎巴嫩的磨牙-切牙矿化不全：患病率及临床特征

Molar incisor hypomineralisation in Lebanon: prevalence and clinical characteristics.

作者信息

Elzein R, Chouery E, Abdel-Sater F, Bacho R, Ayoub F

机构信息

Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.

Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.

出版信息

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020 Oct;21(5):609-616. doi: 10.1007/s40368-019-00505-w. Epub 2019 Dec 21.

DOI:10.1007/s40368-019-00505-w

PMID:31865536

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative enamel developmental defect affecting 1-4 first permanent molars and sometimes the permanent incisors. MIH is extremely widespread around the world and presents a considerable clinical problem in paediatric dentistry. Although, little prevalence data exist for Middle East populations including the Lebanese one.

AIM

The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of MIH in 7-9-year-old Lebanese children, with relevance to gender, jaw and side distribution, and to assess the clinical status, extent and severity of MIH lesions of the affected teeth.

DESIGN

Representative sample (n = 659) of 7-9-year-old Lebanese children attending private and public schools distributed throughout Lebanon was examined for MIH. Clinical status, extent and severity of MIH lesions on FPMs and permanent incisors were scored using the short-form grading method (MIH index) of Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 16:235-246, 2015).

RESULTS

An overall MIH prevalence of 26.7% was reported with no significant predilection for girls over boys. 52.8% of the cases present with only molars and. 47.2% with both molars and incisors and did not present any significant difference between upper and lower jaws (P = 0.325). Left-side FPMs were more affected than the right ones (P = 0.0218). Central incisors were significantly more affected than the laterals in both jaws (P < 0.0001). Maxillary central incisors were significantly more affected than their mandibular counterparts (P < 0.0001). Most of the clinical status was demarcated opacities extended on less than the third of the tooth surface. The extent of lesions correlated significantly with the number of affected molars. Most of the affected teeth presented with mild defects and the degree of severity was not correlated with gender but significantly increased with age.

CONCLUSIONS

MIH is prevalent in Lebanon. Further studies are required to analyse the possible systemic and environmental etiologies among Lebanese children.

摘要

背景

磨牙症性切牙矿化不全（MIH）是一种牙釉质发育质性缺陷，影响1至4颗第一恒磨牙，有时也会影响恒切牙。MIH在全球极为普遍，在儿童牙科领域是一个相当严重的临床问题。然而，包括黎巴嫩人群在内的中东地区的患病率数据却很少。

目的

本研究旨在调查7至9岁黎巴嫩儿童中MIH的患病率，分析其与性别、颌骨及牙位分布的关系，并评估患牙MIH病变的临床状况、范围及严重程度。

设计

对黎巴嫩各地私立和公立学校的7至9岁黎巴嫩儿童进行抽样（n = 659），检查其是否患有MIH。使用Ghanim等人的简化分级方法（MIH指数）对第一恒磨牙和恒切牙的MIH病变的临床状况、范围及严重程度进行评分。（《欧洲儿科牙科学杂志》16:235 - 246, 2015）

结果

报告的总体MIH患病率为26.7%，女孩和男孩之间无明显偏好差异。52.8%的病例仅累及磨牙，47.2%的病例磨牙和切牙均受累，上下颌之间无显著差异（P = 0.325）。左侧第一恒磨牙比右侧更易受累（P = 0.0218）。在上下颌中，中切牙比侧切牙受累更明显（P < 0.0001）。上颌中切牙比下颌中切牙受累更明显（P < 0.0001）。大多数临床状况表现为界限不清的釉质不透明区，累及牙面不到三分之一。病变范围与受累磨牙数量显著相关。大多数患牙表现为轻度缺陷，严重程度与性别无关，但随年龄显著增加。