Huang Xuan-Yi, Ma Wei-Fen, Shih Hsin-Hsin, Li Huai-Fen
School of Nursing and Nursing Department, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Clin Nurs. 2008 Nov;17(22):3030-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2008.02426.x.
The study aimed to understand the nursing roles and functions of public health nurses and home health nurses in Taiwan and the factors that affect nursing roles and functions of nurses that provide community mental health home visiting services.
Although community nurses provide more psychiatric home visiting services than other psychiatric professionals, little research on their roles and functions has been conducted.
Nursing roles and functions were developed through use of grounded theory method of Strauss and Corbin.
Data were collected using semi-structured face-to-face in-depth interviews and unstructured non-participant observations. The constant comparative analysis continued during the open, axial and selective coding process until data saturation occurred. Participants were selected using theoretical sampling. Final sample size in this study comprised a total of 29 community nurses (18 public health nurses and 11 home health nurses) who provided community mental health home visiting. Public health nurses conducted a total of 16 (eight carers and eight clients) services and home health nurses conducted 16 (eight carers and eight clients) services.
Fourteen nursing roles were identified. These roles included assessor, supporter, educator, consultant, counselor, negotiator, harmoniser, collaborator, advocate, placement coordinator, resource provider, care provider, case manager and case finder. Moreover, several factors that affect nursing roles and functions in the community mental health home visiting service in Taiwan were also identified.
This is the first study to identify the role of public health and home health nurses caring for people with schizophrenia in the community in Taiwan.
The recommendations based on the findings of this research can be used as a guide to improve the delivery of psychiatric home visiting services to community-dwelling clients with schizophrenia and their carers.
本研究旨在了解台湾地区公共卫生护士和居家护理护士的护理角色与功能，以及影响提供社区心理健康家访服务护士护理角色与功能的因素。
尽管社区护士提供的精神科家访服务比其他精神科专业人员更多，但对其角色与功能的研究却很少。
采用施特劳斯和科尔宾的扎根理论方法来确定护理角色与功能。
通过半结构化面对面深入访谈和非结构化非参与观察收集数据。在开放编码、轴心编码和选择性编码过程中持续进行恒定比较分析，直至数据饱和。采用理论抽样选取参与者。本研究的最终样本量共包括29名提供社区心理健康家访服务的社区护士（18名公共卫生护士和11名居家护理护士）。公共卫生护士共进行了16次服务（8次照顾者服务和8次患者服务），居家护理护士进行了16次服务（8次照顾者服务和8次患者服务）。
确定了14种护理角色。这些角色包括评估者、支持者、教育者、顾问、咨询师、谈判者、协调者、合作者、倡导者、安置协调员、资源提供者、护理者、病例管理者和病例发现者。此外，还确定了一些影响台湾社区心理健康家访服务中护理角色与功能的因素。
这是第一项确定台湾地区公共卫生护士和居家护理护士在社区照顾精神分裂症患者角色的研究。
基于本研究结果的建议可作为指南，以改善对社区精神分裂症患者及其照顾者的精神科家访服务。
