Snyder Kelli R, Earl Jennifer E, O'Connor Kristian M, Ebersole Kyle T
University of Northern Iowa, Waterloo, IW, USA.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 2009 Jan;24(1):26-34. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.09.009. Epub 2008 Nov 14.
Movement and muscle activity of the hip have been shown to affect movement of the lower extremity, and been related to injury. The purpose of this study was to determine if increased hip strength affects lower extremity mechanics during running.
Within subject, repeated measures design. Fifteen healthy women volunteered. Hip abduction and external rotation strength were measured using a hand-held dynamometer. Three-dimensional biomechanical data of the lower extremity were collected during running using a high-speed motion capture system. Measurements were made before, at the mid-point, and after a 6-week strengthening program using closed-chain hip rotation exercises. Joint range of motion (rearfoot eversion, knee abduction, hip adduction, and internal rotation), eversion velocity, eversion angle at heel strike, and peak joint moments (rearfoot inversion, knee abduction, hip abduction, and external rotation) were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (P <or= 0.05). The independent variable was time (pre-, week 3, and week 6). A separate analysis of variance was conducted with the dependent variables of peak hip abduction and external rotation strength.
Hip abduction (P=0.009) and external rotation strength (P<0.0005) increased by 13% and 23%, respectively. Eversion range of motion decreased (P=0.05), hip adduction range of motion increased (P=0.05), and a trend of decreased hip internal rotation range of motion (P=0.08) were found. Rearfoot inversion moment (P=0.02) and knee abduction moment (P=0.05) decreased by 57% and 10%, respectively.
The hip abductors and external rotators were strengthened, leading to an alteration of lower extremity joint loading which may reduce injury risk. These exercises could be used in the rehabilitation, or prevention, of lower extremity injuries.
髋部的运动和肌肉活动已被证明会影响下肢的运动，并与损伤有关。本研究的目的是确定髋部力量的增强是否会影响跑步时的下肢力学。
采用受试者内重复测量设计。15名健康女性自愿参与。使用手持测力计测量髋外展和外旋力量。在跑步过程中，使用高速运动捕捉系统收集下肢的三维生物力学数据。在进行为期6周的闭链髋旋转练习强化计划之前、中期和之后进行测量。使用重复测量方差分析（P≤0.05）分析关节活动范围（后足外翻、膝关节外展、髋关节内收和内旋）、外翻速度、足跟触地时的外翻角度以及峰值关节力矩（后足内翻、膝关节外展、髋关节外展和外旋）。自变量是时间（术前、第3周和第6周）。对峰值髋关节外展和外旋力量的因变量进行单独的方差分析。
髋关节外展力量（P = 0.009）和外旋力量（P < 0.0005）分别增加了13%和23%。发现外翻活动范围减小（P = 0.05），髋关节内收活动范围增加（P = 0.05），并且髋关节内旋活动范围有减小的趋势（P = 0.08）。后足内翻力矩（P = 0.02）和膝关节外展力矩（P = 0.05）分别降低了57%和10%。
髋外展肌和外旋肌得到强化，导致下肢关节负荷改变，这可能降低受伤风险。这些练习可用于下肢损伤的康复或预防。
