Boals Adriel, Schuettler Darnell
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA.
J Anxiety Disord. 2009 May;23(4):458-62. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.09.003. Epub 2008 Oct 2.
The current study attempted to replicate the unexpected findings by Gold, Marx, Soler-Baillo, and Sloan [Gold, S. D., Marx, B. P., Soler-Baillo, J. M., & Sloan, D. M. (2005). Is life stress more traumatic than traumatic stress? Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 19, 687-698] that non-traumatic events were associated with greater levels of PTSD symptoms than traumatic events. The current study had two notable methodological differences. First, we included A2 trauma criteria (a response of intense fear, helplessness, or horror) in addition to A1 trauma criteria (the event is life-threatening) in defining traumatic events. Second, A1 and A2 trauma criteria were based on participants' ratings, as opposed to classification by coders. Using this alternative methodology, results obtained were opposite of Gold et al. PTSD symptoms were greater for DSM-defined traumatic events in comparison to non-traumatic events. In addition, A1 trauma criterion had little to no relationship to PTSD symptoms when A2 criterion was considered. These results call into question the role of A1 trauma criterion and the definition of traumatic events.
当前的研究试图重复戈尔德、马克思、索勒 - 贝利洛和斯隆[戈尔德，S.D.，马克思，B.P.，索勒 - 贝利洛，J.M.，& 斯隆，D.M.（2005年）。生活压力比创伤性压力更具创伤性吗？《焦虑症杂志》，19，687 - 698]的意外发现，即非创伤性事件比创伤性事件与更高水平的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状相关。当前的研究有两个显著的方法学差异。首先，在定义创伤性事件时，我们除了纳入A1创伤标准（事件危及生命）外，还纳入了A2创伤标准（强烈恐惧、无助或恐惧的反应）。其次，A1和A2创伤标准基于参与者的评分，而不是编码员的分类。使用这种替代方法，获得的结果与戈尔德等人的相反。与非创伤性事件相比，DSM定义的创伤性事件的PTSD症状更严重。此外，当考虑A2标准时，A1创伤标准与PTSD症状几乎没有关系。这些结果对A1创伤标准的作用和创伤性事件的定义提出了质疑。
