Iino Gaichi, Nishimura Kenichi, Omura Ken, Kasugai Shohei
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Restitution, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2008 Sep-Oct;23(5):835-40.
Atrophy of the alveolar ridge is a problem in prosthetic and esthetic treatment. In the present study, to examine effects of PGE1 on the alveolar bone after tooth extraction, PGE1 was applied to rat incisal sockets utilizing a slow drug release system using PLGA as the drug carrier.
Thirty-six male Wistar rats, 10 weeks old, were divided into 3 groups. After all right mandibular incisors were extracted, the sockets were treated in the following manner. The first group was untreated (control group), the second group received a PLGA rod (PLGA group), and the third group was treated with a PLGA rod containing 0.5 mg PGE1 (PGE1 group). Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 4 weeks, and the remaining rats were sacrificed at 8 weeks. For fluorescence labeling, half of the animals were injected with calcein and tetracycline 8 days and 1 day before sacrifice, respectively. After sacrifice, the mandibles were radiologically and histologically examined.
In the PGE1 group, the bone volume of the alveolar ridge including the socket was significantly (P < .05) greater than in the control and PLGA groups at 4 and 8 weeks. At 4 weeks in the PGE1 group, the mineral apposition rate and number of osteoclasts were higher than in the other groups, whereas these parameters were similar in all groups at 8 weeks.
Based on this animal study, it appears that local application has the potential to preserve and/or augment the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction.
牙槽嵴萎缩是修复和美学治疗中的一个问题。在本研究中，为了研究前列腺素E1（PGE1）对拔牙后牙槽骨的影响，利用以聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）为药物载体的缓释系统将PGE1应用于大鼠切牙牙槽窝。
将36只10周龄雄性Wistar大鼠分为3组。拔除所有右侧下颌切牙后，牙槽窝按以下方式处理。第一组不做处理（对照组），第二组植入PLGA棒（PLGA组），第三组植入含0.5mg PGE1的PLGA棒（PGE1组）。每组6只大鼠在4周时处死，其余大鼠在8周时处死。为进行荧光标记，分别在处死前8天和1天给一半动物注射钙黄绿素和四环素。处死动物后，对下颌骨进行放射学和组织学检查。
在PGE1组，4周和8周时包括牙槽窝在内的牙槽嵴骨体积显著大于对照组和PLGA组（P < 0.05）。在PGE1组4周时，矿物质沉积率和破骨细胞数量高于其他组，而在8周时所有组的这些参数相似。
基于本动物研究，局部应用似乎有可能在拔牙后保留和/或增加牙槽嵴。
