Hutcherson C A, Goldin P R, Ramel W, McRae K, Gross J J
Stanford University, CA, USA.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2008 Mar;3(1):71-9. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsm040. Epub 2008 Jan 11.
Extraversion has been shown to positively correlate with activation within the ventral striatum, amygdala and other dopaminergically innervated, reward-sensitive regions. These regions are implicated in emotional responding, in a manner sensitive to attentional focus. However, no study has investigated the interaction among extraversion, emotion and attention. We used fMRI and dynamic, evocative film clips to elicit amusement and sadness in a sample of 28 women. Participants were instructed either to respond naturally (n = 14) or to attend to and continuously rate their emotions (n = 14) while watching the films. Contrary to expectations, striatal response was negatively associated with extraversion during amusement, regardless of attention. A negative association was also observed during sad films, but only when attending to emotion. These findings suggest that attentional focus does not influence the relationship between extraversion and neural response to positive (amusing) stimuli but does impact the response to negative (sad) stimuli.
外向性已被证明与腹侧纹状体、杏仁核及其他多巴胺能支配的、对奖励敏感的区域内的激活呈正相关。这些区域与情绪反应有关，其方式对注意力焦点敏感。然而，尚无研究调查外向性、情绪和注意力之间的相互作用。我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和动态、引发情感的电影片段，在28名女性样本中引发愉悦和悲伤情绪。参与者被指示要么自然反应（n = 14），要么在观看电影时关注并持续评估自己的情绪（n = 14）。与预期相反，在愉悦情绪期间，无论注意力如何，纹状体反应与外向性呈负相关。在悲伤电影期间也观察到负相关，但仅在关注情绪时出现。这些发现表明，注意力焦点不影响外向性与对积极（有趣）刺激的神经反应之间的关系，但确实会影响对消极（悲伤）刺激的反应。
