Stenevi-Lundgren Susanna, Daly Robin M, Lindén Christian, Gärdsell Per, Karlsson Magnus K
Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Mar;105(4):533-41. doi: 10.1007/s00421-008-0932-2. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
This 12-month prospective controlled intervention evaluated the effect of a general school based physical activity program on muscle strength, physical performance and body composition in prepubertal girls. Fifty-three girls aged 7-9 years involved in a school based exercise program [40 min/day of general physical activity per school day (200 min/week)] were compared with 50 age-matched girls who participated in the general Swedish physical education curriculum (mean 60 min/week). Body composition (DXA), isokinetic peak torque (PT) of the knee extensors and flexors at 60 and 180 degrees /s, and vertical jump height (VJH) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. The annual gain in weight was similar between the groups, but there was a greater increase in total body and regional lean mass (P < 0.05) and fat mass (P < 0.01) in the exercise group. Mean gains in knee extensor PT at 60 and 180 degrees /s were 7.0-7.6% greater in the exercise group (P ranging <0.05-<0.001). No significant differences were detected in VJH. In conclusion, increasing school based physical education to at least 3 h/week provides a feasible strategy to enhance the development of muscle strength and lean mass in prepubertal girls.
这项为期12个月的前瞻性对照干预研究评估了一项基于学校的常规体育活动计划对青春期前女孩肌肉力量、身体机能和身体成分的影响。将53名7至9岁参与学校体育锻炼计划的女孩[每个上学日进行40分钟的常规体育活动（每周200分钟）]与50名年龄匹配、参与瑞典常规体育课程（平均每周60分钟）的女孩进行比较。在基线和12个月时评估身体成分（双能X线吸收法）、膝关节伸肌和屈肌在60度/秒和180度/秒时的等速峰值扭矩（PT）以及垂直跳高度（VJH）。两组间体重的年增长相似，但锻炼组全身和局部瘦体重（P<0.05）以及脂肪量（P<0.01）的增加幅度更大。锻炼组膝关节伸肌在60度/秒和180度/秒时的PT平均增幅高7.0 - 7.6%（P值范围为<0.05 - <0.001）。VJH未检测到显著差异。总之，将基于学校的体育教育增加到至少每周3小时是增强青春期前女孩肌肉力量和瘦体重发展的可行策略。
