Camilleri M, Bharucha A E, di Lorenzo C, Hasler W L, Prather C M, Rao S S, Wald A
CENTER Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2008 Dec;20(12):1269-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01230.x.
Tests of gastric, small intestinal and colonic motor function provide relevant physiological information and are useful for diagnosing and guiding the management of dysmotilities. Intraluminal pressure measurements may include concurrent measurements of transit or intraluminal pH. A consensus statement was developed and based on reports in the literature, experience of the authors, and discussions conducted under the auspices of the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society in 2008. The article reviews the indications, methods, performance characteristics, and clinical utility of intraluminal measurements of pressure activity and tone in the stomach, small bowel and colon in humans. Gastric and small bowel motor function can be measured by intraluminal manometry, which may identify patterns suggestive of myopathy, neuropathy, or obstruction. Manometry may be most helpful when it is normal. Combined wireless pressure and pH capsules provide information on the amplitude of contractions as they traverse the stomach and small intestine. In the colon, manometry assesses colonic phasic pressure activity while a barostat assesses tone, compliance, and phasic pressure activity. The utility of colonic pressure measurements by a single sensor in wireless pressure/pH capsules is not established. In children with intractable constipation, colonic phasic pressure measurements can identify patterns suggestive of neuropathy and predict success of antegrade enemas via cecostomy. In adults, these assessments may be used to document severe motor dysfunction (colonic inertia) prior to colectomy. Thus, intraluminal pressure measurements may contribute to the management of patients with disorders of gastrointestinal and colonic motility.
胃、小肠和结肠运动功能测试可提供相关生理信息，有助于诊断和指导动力障碍的治疗。腔内压力测量可能包括同时测量传输情况或腔内pH值。基于文献报道、作者经验以及2008年在美国神经胃肠病学和动力学会主持下进行的讨论，制定了一份共识声明。本文回顾了人体胃、小肠和结肠腔内压力活动和张力测量的适应证、方法、性能特征及临床应用。胃和小肠运动功能可通过腔内测压法进行测量，该方法可能识别出提示肌病、神经病或梗阻的模式。当测压结果正常时可能最有帮助。无线压力和pH联合胶囊可提供收缩波在胃和小肠通过时的幅度信息。在结肠，测压法评估结肠的阶段性压力活动，而恒压器评估张力、顺应性和阶段性压力活动。无线压力/pH胶囊中单传感器进行结肠压力测量的实用性尚未确立。对于顽固性便秘儿童，结肠阶段性压力测量可识别出提示神经病变的模式，并预测经盲肠造口术进行顺行灌肠的成功率。在成人中，这些评估可用于在结肠切除术前记录严重的运动功能障碍（结肠惰性）。因此，腔内压力测量可能有助于胃肠和结肠动力障碍患者的治疗。
