Gust M, Buronfosse T, Giamberini L, Ramil M, Mons R, Garric J
Laboratoire d'écotoxicologie, Cemagref, 3b quai Chauveau, CP 220, 69336 Lyon Cedex 09, France.
Environ Pollut. 2009 Feb;157(2):423-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.040. Epub 2008 Nov 20.
Fluoxetine is a widely used antidepressant, frequently found in aquatic ecosystems. We investigated its effects on two freshwater prosobranch gastropods: Valvata piscinalis (European valve snail) and Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mudsnail), which have different reproductive modes. The fecundity of V. piscinalis (cumulate number of eggs at day 42) was not affected with an NOEC of 100 mvg/L nominal concentration (69 microg/L measured concentration). The mudsnail P. antipodarum responded in a biphasic dose-effect curve at low concentrations. The cumulate number of neonates at day 42 had an LOEC of 100 microg/L (69 microg/L) and an NOEC of 33.3 microg/L (13 microg/L), whereas the embryos in the brood pouch at day 42 only showed an LOEC of 3.7 microg/L (1 microg/L). We also observed histological effects in P. antipodarum (gonadal thickness). Among the sexual steroids we measured only testosterone which varied, independent of reproduction. Moreover the use of two closely related species highlights the interspecific variability.
氟西汀是一种广泛使用的抗抑郁药，在水生生态系统中经常被发现。我们研究了它对两种淡水前鳃腹足类动物的影响：欧洲硬壳蛤（Valvata piscinalis）和新西兰泥蜗（Potamopyrgus antipodarum），它们具有不同的繁殖方式。欧洲硬壳蛤的繁殖力（第42天的累计产卵数）未受影响，无观察效应浓度（NOEC）为标称浓度100微克/升（实测浓度69微克/升）。泥蜗新西兰泥蜗在低浓度下呈现双相剂量效应曲线。第42天的新生幼体累计数量的最低观察效应浓度（LOEC）为100微克/升（69微克/升），无观察效应浓度为33.3微克/升（13微克/升），而第42天育儿袋中的胚胎仅显示最低观察效应浓度为3.7微克/升（1微克/升）。我们还观察到新西兰泥蜗的组织学效应（性腺厚度）。在我们测量的性类固醇中，只有睾酮发生了变化，且与繁殖无关。此外，使用两个亲缘关系密切的物种突出了种间变异性。
