Ma Xin, Xiang Yu-Tao, Cai Zhuo-Ji, Li Shu-Ran, Xiang Ying-Qiang, Guo Hong-Li, Hou Ye-Zhi, Li Zhen-Bo, Li Zhan-Jiang, Tao Yu-Fen, Dang Wei-Min, Wu Xiao-Mei, Deng Jing, Lai Kelly Y C, Ungvari Gabor S
Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009 Feb 1;100(1-2):146-52. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.002. Epub 2008 Nov 22.
In China, there is limited information on smoking and its socio-demographic correlates in general, and in psychiatric patients in particular. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of lifetime, current mild, and heavy smoking, the socio-demographic correlates of current smoking, and its relationship with psychiatric disorders in the Beijing municipality, China.
A total of 5926 subjects who met the study's entry criteria were randomly selected from the urban and rural areas of Beijing and interviewed using standardized assessment tools, including the collection of basic socio-demographic and clinical data. All subjects fully cooperated in the interviews and readily disclosed all of the information.
The prevalence of lifetime smoking was 35.9%; the rates for current mild and heavy smoking were 21.8% and 10.8%, respectively. An age of 24 years or above, male sex, married, divorced, separated or widowed marital status, relatively low level of education (less than college level), being employed, a relatively high monthly income (more than RMB500), rural abode, and having a psychiatric disorder were risk factors of current smoking. Both current mild and heavy smoking were significantly associated with alcohol dependence, and current heavy smoking was also associated with a history of a major depressive episode.
The prevalence of smoking in the rural and urban areas of Beijing is unacceptably high. In addition to certain socio-demographic factors, smoking was associated with common psychiatric disorders. Nationwide surveys are warranted to further explore the prevalence of smoking in China. Effective strategies to reduce the high rate of smoking are also needed.
在中国，关于吸烟及其社会人口学相关因素的总体信息有限，尤其是在精神疾病患者中。本研究的目的是确定终生吸烟、当前轻度吸烟和重度吸烟的患病率、当前吸烟的社会人口学相关因素，以及其与中国北京市精神疾病的关系。
从北京市城乡地区随机选取5926名符合研究纳入标准的受试者，使用标准化评估工具进行访谈，包括收集基本社会人口学和临床数据。所有受试者在访谈中充分合作，并乐意披露所有信息。
终生吸烟患病率为35.9%；当前轻度和重度吸烟率分别为21.8%和10.8%。年龄在24岁及以上、男性、已婚、离异、分居或丧偶的婚姻状况、相对较低的教育水平（低于大学水平）、就业、相对较高的月收入（超过500元人民币）、农村居住以及患有精神疾病是当前吸烟的危险因素。当前轻度和重度吸烟均与酒精依赖显著相关，当前重度吸烟还与重度抑郁发作史相关。
北京市城乡地区吸烟率高得令人无法接受。除了某些社会人口学因素外，吸烟还与常见精神疾病相关。有必要进行全国性调查以进一步探索中国的吸烟患病率。还需要有效的策略来降低高吸烟率。
