Heiser Nancy A, Turner Samuel M, Beidel Deborah C, Roberson-Nay Roxann
Department of Psychology, Maryland Center for Anxiety Disorders, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
J Anxiety Disord. 2009 May;23(4):469-76. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2008.10.002. Epub 2008 Oct 15.
To clarify the relationship between social phobia and shyness, this study examined the characteristics of highly shy persons with social phobia, highly shy persons without social phobia, and non-shy persons. Those with social phobia reported more symptomatology, more functional impairment, and a lower quality of life than those without social phobia. About one-third of the highly shy without social phobia reported no social fears, highlighting heterogeneity of the shy. The social phobia group reported similar levels of anxiety as the shy without social phobia during analogue conversation tasks, but they reported more anxiety during a speech task. The social phobia group performed less effectively across tasks than those without social phobia. All groups' perceptions of anxiety and effectiveness during behavioral tasks were consistent with ratings of independent observers. None of the groups differed on psychophysiological measures. Results are discussed in the context of theoretical models of social phobia.
为了阐明社交恐惧症与害羞之间的关系，本研究考察了患有社交恐惧症的高度害羞者、未患社交恐惧症的高度害羞者以及不害羞者的特征。与未患社交恐惧症的人相比，患有社交恐惧症的人报告了更多的症状、更多的功能损害以及更低的生活质量。约三分之一未患社交恐惧症的高度害羞者表示没有社交恐惧，这凸显了害羞人群的异质性。在模拟对话任务中，社交恐惧症组报告的焦虑水平与未患社交恐惧症的害羞者相似，但在演讲任务中，他们报告的焦虑更多。社交恐惧症组在各项任务中的表现比未患社交恐惧症的人更差。所有组在行为任务期间对焦虑和有效性的感知与独立观察者的评分一致。在心理生理测量方面，各组之间没有差异。研究结果将在社交恐惧症的理论模型背景下进行讨论。
