Jiang Liqin, Schaeffel Frank, Zhou Xiangtian, Zhang Sen, Jin Xi, Pan Miaozhen, Ye Lingying, Wu Xiaomin, Huang Qinzhu, Lu Fan, Qu Jia
School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Mar;50(3):1013-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-2463. Epub 2008 Nov 21.
To describe a wild-type guinea pig strain with an incidence of spontaneous axial myopia, minimal pupil responses, lack of accommodation, and apparently normal spatial vision. Such a strain is of interest because it may permit the exploration of defective emmetropization and mapping of the underlying quantitative trait loci.
Twenty-eight guinea pigs were selected from 220 animals based on binocular myopia (exceeding -1.50 diopter [D]) or anisometropia (difference between both eyes exceeding 10 D) at 4 weeks of age. Refractions and pupil responses were measured with eccentric infrared photoretinoscopy, corneal curvature by modified conventional keratometer, and axial lengths by A-scan ultrasonography once a week. Twenty-one guinea pigs were raised under a normal 12-hour light/12-hour dark cycle. From a sample of 18 anisometropic guinea pigs, 11 were raised under normal light cycle and 7 were raised in the dark to determine the extent to which visual input guides emmetropization. Spatial vision was tested in an automated optomotor drum.
In 10 guinea pigs with myopia in both eyes, refractive errors ranged from -15.67 D to -1.50 D at 3 weeks with a high interocular correlation (R = 0.82); axial length and corneal curvature grew almost linearly over time. Strikingly, two patterns of recovery were observed in anisometropic guinea pigs: in 12 (67%) anisometropia persisted, and in 6 (33%) it declined over time. These ratios remained similar in dark-reared guinea pigs. Unlike published strains, all guinea pigs of this strain showed weak pupil responses and no signs of accommodation but up to 3 cyc/deg of spatial resolution.
This strain of guinea pigs has spontaneous axial refractive errors that may be genetically or epigenetically determined. Interestingly, it differs from other published strains that show no refractive errors, vivid accommodation, or pupil responses.
描述一种野生型豚鼠品系，其具有自发性轴性近视的发生率、最小瞳孔反应、缺乏调节能力以及明显正常的空间视觉。这样的品系具有研究价值，因为它可能有助于探索正视化缺陷并绘制潜在的数量性状基因座图谱。
从220只动物中挑选出28只豚鼠，依据4周龄时的双眼近视（超过-1.50屈光度[D]）或屈光参差（双眼之间的差异超过10 D）进行筛选。每周使用偏心红外视网膜检影法测量屈光不正和瞳孔反应，使用改良的传统角膜曲率计测量角膜曲率，使用A超超声检查测量眼轴长度。21只豚鼠在正常的12小时光照/12小时黑暗周期下饲养。从18只屈光参差的豚鼠样本中，11只在正常光照周期下饲养，7只在黑暗中饲养，以确定视觉输入对正视化的引导程度。在自动视动鼓中测试空间视觉。
在10只双眼近视的豚鼠中，3周时屈光不正范围为-15.67 D至-1.50 D，眼间相关性较高（R = 0.82）；眼轴长度和角膜曲率随时间几乎呈线性增长。令人惊讶的是，在屈光参差的豚鼠中观察到两种恢复模式：12只（67%）屈光参差持续存在，6只（33%）随时间下降。在黑暗饲养的豚鼠中，这些比例保持相似。与已发表的品系不同，该品系的所有豚鼠均表现出微弱的瞳孔反应且无调节迹象，但空间分辨率高达3周/度。
这种豚鼠品系具有自发性轴性屈光不正，可能由遗传或表观遗传决定。有趣的是，它与其他已发表的品系不同，那些品系没有屈光不正、明显的调节能力或瞳孔反应。
