Howatson Glyn, Goodall S, van Someren K A
School of Human Sciences, St Mary's University College, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham TW1 4SX, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Mar;105(4):615-21. doi: 10.1007/s00421-008-0941-1. Epub 2008 Nov 26.
The aim of this investigation was to elucidate the effects of cold water immersions (CWIs) following damaging exercise on the repeated bout effect (RBE). Sixteen males performed two bouts of drop jump exercise separated by 14-21 days. Participants were equally, but randomly assigned to either a CWI (12-min CWI at 15 degrees C) or control group (12-min seated rest). Treatments were given immediately after the first exercise bout, 24, 48 and 72 h post-exercise. No interventions were given following the second bout. Maximum voluntary contraction (MIVC), soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK), thigh girth and range of motion (ROM) were recorded before and for 96 h following the initial and repeated bouts of damaging exercise. All variables, except ROM, showed a significant time effect (P < 0.01) indicating the presence of muscle damage following the initial bout; there were no differences between the CWI and control groups after the initial bout. Following the repeated bout of exercise there was a significant attenuation in the reduction of MIVC (P = 0.002) and a reduction in DOMS (P < 0.001), which is indicative of the RBE. There were no significant differences between groups following the repeated bout of damaging exercise. These data show that CWI had no effect following damaging exercise and did not inhibit the RBE. Despite CWI being used routinely, its efficacy remains unclear and there is a need to elucidate the benefits of this intervention on recovery and adaptation to provide practitioners with evidence based practice.
本研究的目的是阐明在进行损伤性运动后进行冷水浸泡（CWI）对重复运动效应（RBE）的影响。16名男性进行了两轮纵跳练习，两轮练习间隔14 - 21天。参与者被平均但随机地分配到CWI组（在15摄氏度下进行12分钟的冷水浸泡）或对照组（12分钟坐着休息）。在第一次运动后、运动后24小时、48小时和72小时立即进行相应处理。第二次运动后不进行任何干预。在初次和重复进行损伤性运动之前以及之后96小时记录最大随意收缩（MIVC）、酸痛感（DOMS）、肌酸激酶（CK）、大腿围度和关节活动范围（ROM）。除ROM外，所有变量均显示出显著的时间效应（P < 0.01），表明初次运动后存在肌肉损伤；初次运动后CWI组和对照组之间没有差异。在重复运动后，MIVC降低的幅度有显著减小（P = 0.002），DOMS也有所减轻（P < 0.001），这表明存在重复运动效应。在重复进行损伤性运动后，两组之间没有显著差异。这些数据表明，损伤性运动后进行CWI没有效果，且不会抑制重复运动效应。尽管CWI被常规使用，但其效果仍不明确，需要阐明这种干预措施对恢复和适应的益处，以便为从业者提供循证实践依据。
