Gilbert Paul, McEwan Kirsten, Bellew Rebecca, Mills Alison, Gale Corinne
The Mental Health Research Unit, Derbyshire Mental Health Trust, University of Derby, Derby, UK.
Psychol Psychother. 2009 Jun;82(Pt 2):123-36. doi: 10.1348/147608308X379806. Epub 2008 Nov 26.
This study was guided by the social rank theory of depression and aimed to explore the relationship between depression, anxiety, stress and self-harm with striving to avoid inferiority, feelings of shame and styles of attachment. Participants diagnosed with depression (n = 62) completed a series of questionnaires measuring striving to avoid inferiority, fears of missing out, being overlooked and active rejection, attachment, social rank and psychopathologies. Striving to avoid inferiority was significantly linked to social rank variables and anxious attachment. Mediator analyses revealed that the relationship between striving to avoid inferiority and depression was mediated by the social rank variable of external shame, and also anxious attachment. These findings suggest that elevated competitive behaviour can have a 'dark side'. When people feel insecure in their social environments, it can focus them on a hierarchical view of themselves and others, with a fear of rejection if they feel they have become too inferior or subordinate. This may increase vulnerability to depression, anxiety and stress.
本研究以抑郁症的社会等级理论为指导，旨在探讨抑郁症、焦虑症、压力和自我伤害与努力避免自卑、羞耻感和依恋风格之间的关系。被诊断为抑郁症的参与者（n = 62）完成了一系列问卷，测量努力避免自卑、害怕错过、被忽视和主动拒绝、依恋、社会等级和精神病理学。努力避免自卑与社会等级变量和焦虑依恋显著相关。中介分析表明，努力避免自卑与抑郁症之间的关系由外部羞耻感的社会等级变量以及焦虑依恋介导。这些发现表明，增强的竞争行为可能有“阴暗面”。当人们在社交环境中感到不安全时，这会使他们将注意力集中在自己和他人的等级观念上，如果他们觉得自己变得过于自卑或从属，就会害怕被拒绝。这可能会增加患抑郁症、焦虑症和压力的易感性。
