Irons C, Gilbert P
Mental Health Research Unit, Kingsway Hospital, Derby DE22 3LZ, UK.
J Adolesc. 2005 Jun;28(3):325-41. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2004.07.004.
One hundred and forty adolescent students were assessed on measures of attachment, social rank (social comparison and submissive behaviour), and depression and anxiety symptoms. Secure attachment was significantly correlated with positive social comparison and inversely with submissive behaviour, depression and anxiety symptoms. In contrast, insecure attachment of both avoidance and ambivalence was associated with unfavourable comparison with others, and positively correlated with submissive behaviour, depression and anxiety symptoms. Exploring the relationship of attachment with depression and anxiety symptoms revealed that this link might have different routes through social rank perceptions. For secure attachment, social rank concerns (i.e. social comparison and submissive behaviour) did not mediate the linkage with anxiety or depression symptoms. However, for insecure attachment, social rank concerns showed either a partial or complete mediation of these relationships. This data may indicate that insecure attachment sensitizes individuals to become focused on the competitive dynamics of groups, the power of others to shame, hurt or reject, and the need to defend against these possibilities.
对140名青少年学生进行了依恋、社会等级（社会比较和顺从行为）以及抑郁和焦虑症状的测量评估。安全型依恋与积极的社会比较显著相关，与顺从行为、抑郁和焦虑症状呈负相关。相比之下，回避型和矛盾型不安全依恋都与与他人的不利比较有关，且与顺从行为、抑郁和焦虑症状呈正相关。探究依恋与抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系发现，这种联系可能通过社会等级认知有不同的途径。对于安全型依恋，社会等级关注（即社会比较和顺从行为）并未介导与焦虑或抑郁症状的联系。然而，对于不安全型依恋，社会等级关注对这些关系显示出部分或完全的中介作用。这些数据可能表明，不安全型依恋使个体敏感地关注群体的竞争动态、他人羞辱、伤害或拒绝的力量以及抵御这些可能性的必要性。
