School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
Nurse Educ Pract. 2006 Dec;6(6):314-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2006.07.004. Epub 2006 Nov 13.
Nurse education is now almost wholly situated within universities internationally. However, issues such as the necessity of higher education for what is seen as a practical occupation and the question of whether or not nursing is a profession arise. Newman viewed universities as places where training was given but character was also formed and self-awareness was developed through exposure to a wide range of disciplines and this type of education has helped to shape other professions. If nursing fulfills the criteria for a profession then it requires nurses to be properly educated in higher education. Poor media images of nursing, opposition from within and outside of the profession and poor funding for research, especially in the UK, where most nurses still do not enter the register with a degree, mean that the place of nursing in higher education remains on the periphery. Nurses must be competent to practice and higher education is not incompatible with the development of competent practitioners. However, higher education should take competent practitioners to a higher level whereby they become capable: able to respond appropriately in unfamiliar situations and to unfamiliar events. This paper argues for the role of higher education for nurses in terms of developing capability.
护士教育现在几乎完全在国际范围内的大学中进行。然而，一些问题仍然存在，例如，对于被视为实际职业的护士教育是否需要高等教育，以及护理是否是一门专业的问题。纽曼认为，大学是提供培训的地方，但也是塑造性格和自我意识的地方，通过接触广泛的学科来发展自我意识，这种教育有助于塑造其他专业。如果护理符合专业的标准，那么它就需要护士在高等教育中接受适当的教育。护理在媒体上的形象不佳，来自专业内部和外部的反对，以及研究资金不足，尤其是在英国，大多数护士仍然没有学位就进入注册，这意味着护理在高等教育中的地位仍然处于边缘。护士必须有能力进行实践，高等教育与培养有能力的从业者并不矛盾。然而，高等教育应该将有能力的从业者提升到更高的水平，使他们能够：在不熟悉的情况下做出适当的反应，并应对不熟悉的事件。本文从发展能力的角度为护士的高等教育角色进行了论证。
