Huber David E, Tian Xing, Curran Tim, O'Reilly Randall C, Woroch Brion
Psychology Department, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0109, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2008 Dec;34(6):1389-416. doi: 10.1037/a0013625.
This article presents data and theory concerning the fundamental question of how the brain achieves a balance between integrating and separating perceptual information over time. This theory was tested in the domain of word reading by examining brain responses to briefly presented words that were either new or immediate repetitions. Critically, the prime that immediately preceded the target was presented either for 150 ms or 2,000 ms, thus examining a situation of perceptual integration versus one of perceptual separation. Electrophysiological responses during the first 200 ms following presentation of the target word were assessed using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings. As predicted by a dynamic neural network model with habituation, repeated words produced less of a perceptual response, and this effect diminished with increased prime duration. Using dynamics that best accounted for the behavioral transition from positive to negative priming with increasing prime duration, the model correctly predicted the time course of the event-related potential (ERP) repetition effects under the assumption that letter processing is the source of observed P100 repetition effects and word processing is the source of observed N170 repetition effects.
本文呈现了关于大脑如何在一段时间内实现感知信息整合与分离之间平衡这一基本问题的数据和理论。该理论在单词阅读领域进行了测试，通过检查大脑对短暂呈现的新词或即刻重复词的反应。关键在于，紧接目标词之前呈现的启动刺激时长为150毫秒或2000毫秒，从而考察感知整合与感知分离两种情况。在呈现目标词后的最初200毫秒内，利用脑电图（EEG）和脑磁图（MEG）记录评估电生理反应。正如具有习惯化的动态神经网络模型所预测的那样，重复词产生的感知反应较小，且这种效应会随着启动刺激时长的增加而减弱。利用最能解释随着启动刺激时长增加从正启动到负启动行为转变的动态过程，该模型在假设字母加工是观察到的P100重复效应的来源且单词加工是观察到的N170重复效应的来源的情况下，正确预测了事件相关电位（ERP）重复效应的时间进程。
