Daly J M, Redmond H P, Lieberman M D, Jardines L
Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia.
Surg Clin North Am. 1991 Jun;71(3):523-36. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6109(16)45431-9.
Malnutrition is extremely common in patients with malignant disease. Whereas the causes are multifactorial, the predominant factor is the imbalance between nutrient intake and host nutrient requirements. Furthermore, the evidence suggests that cachexia is related to abnormal changes in host intermediary metabolism induced by host-tumor interactions, and endogenous peptides such as TNF may be important mediators. The role of nutritional therapy in cancer patients remains to be defined. Clearly, patients with severe malnutrition benefit from nutritional intervention. However, the benefit of nutritional therapy in less severe cases of malnutrition as an adjuvant to oncologic therapy has yet to be established.
营养不良在恶性疾病患者中极为常见。其病因是多方面的，但主要因素是营养摄入与机体营养需求之间的失衡。此外，有证据表明恶病质与宿主 - 肿瘤相互作用引起的宿主中间代谢异常变化有关，内源性肽如肿瘤坏死因子可能是重要的介质。营养治疗在癌症患者中的作用仍有待确定。显然，严重营养不良的患者可从营养干预中获益。然而，营养治疗作为肿瘤治疗辅助手段在不太严重的营养不良病例中的益处尚未得到证实。
