Donorfio Laura K M, D'Ambrosio Lisa A, Coughlin Joseph F, Mohyde Maureen
University of Connecticut, 99 East Main Street, Waterbury, CT 06702, USA.
J Safety Res. 2008;39(6):555-61. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2008.09.003. Epub 2008 Nov 12.
The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of age and health on patterns of driving and self-regulation among older adults who still drive.
This analysis presents the results of a nationwide survey of drivers who are 50+(N=3,824, 53.11% response rate), focusing on questions about the impact of their self-reported health on attitudes toward and self-regulation of driving.
The data indicate that as age increases, so too does reported self-regulation of driving, increasing sharply among those ages 70 and older. The data also indicate that respondent's reported confidence in driving and their enjoyment of driving decline as they age. Health status bears a significant relationship with all three of these variables, positively related to confidence in driving skills and to enjoyment in driving, but negatively related to self-regulation reports. As self-reported health declines, respondent's report engages in greater voluntary restrictions of their driving.
All too often, the driving decision is linked primarily to chronological age. Analysis done here indicates that age alone is not the best indicator of self-regulation and how older adults change their driving behaviors.
This research presents the results of a nationwide survey of 50+ drivers and their self-reported driving, self-regulation behaviors, and health status. Strong support was found for the argument that chronological age is not an adequate measure of self-regulating behaviors and driver safety among those 50+. In particular, it was found that a person's health status and the interaction between age and health are essential considerations in the decisions around self-regulation and driving. People tend to self-regulate more with age, but the effect becomes much more pronounced as health status declines.
In the coming years, if older adults can't get to where they want to go and continue to be viable consumers in our national fabric, all industries will eventually suffer. Transportation is a key component to the nation's social contract with older individuals and their families.
本研究的目的是考察年龄和健康状况对仍在开车的老年人的驾驶模式和自我调节的影响。
本分析展示了一项针对50岁及以上驾驶者的全国性调查结果（N = 3824，回复率53.11%），重点关注关于他们自我报告的健康状况对驾驶态度和自我调节的影响的问题。
数据表明，随着年龄增长，报告的驾驶自我调节也会增加，在70岁及以上人群中急剧上升。数据还表明，受访者对驾驶的信心和驾驶乐趣会随着年龄增长而下降。健康状况与这三个变量均存在显著关系，与驾驶技能信心和驾驶乐趣呈正相关，但与自我调节报告呈负相关。随着自我报告的健康状况下降，受访者报告称会更多地自愿限制驾驶。
通常，驾驶决策主要与实际年龄相关。此处的分析表明，仅年龄并非自我调节以及老年人如何改变驾驶行为的最佳指标。
本研究展示了一项针对50岁及以上驾驶者的全国性调查结果，以及他们自我报告的驾驶情况、自我调节行为和健康状况。有力支持了这样一种观点，即实际年龄并非50岁及以上人群自我调节行为和驾驶安全性的充分衡量标准。特别是，研究发现一个人的健康状况以及年龄与健康之间的相互作用是自我调节和驾驶决策中的重要考虑因素。人们往往会随着年龄增长而更多地进行自我调节，但随着健康状况下降，这种影响会更加显著。
在未来几年，如果老年人无法前往他们想去的地方，并且在我们的国家结构中继续成为有活力的消费者，所有行业最终都将受到影响。交通是国家与老年人及其家庭社会契约的关键组成部分。
