Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2011 Oct;12(5):468-74. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2011.586448.
This article describes the development and pilot testing of Seniors on the MOVE (Mature Operators Vehicular Education), a safe driving education program for older adults. The study aims are to describe driving experiences and habits of a community sample of older drivers and to determine whether the program reduces their driving risk exposures.
A 2-group randomized design was used. Fifty-eight participants with an average age of 70 were randomly assigned to the MOVE program or a no treatment control group. MOVE is a 4-session program designed to help older drivers better understand and utilize self-regulation skills for safer driving. Baseline and 4-week follow-up questionnaires were completed by both groups, after which the control group received the MOVE program.
In the total sample, 14 percent reported having ever been in a traffic crash where someone was injured, and 10 percent reported having received a traffic citation in the past 6 months. Almost one half of the sample (47%) reported thinking about reducing the amount of driving done at night. Nearly one third were thinking about reducing the amount of driving done in unfamiliar places (32%) and the number of miles driven each week (30%). Participants reported most frequently driving between 2 to 10 miles from home, on local roadways, and between 9:00 am and 4:00 pm. Based on responses to items that measured such driving habits, a risk exposure score was created by combining driving exposure variables. Participants were categorized into lower and higher driving risk exposure groups at baseline and follow-up. There were no statistical differences in changes in higher or lower risk driving exposure variables when comparing the 2 groups.
Although the impact of this program on reported driving behaviors yielded null results, descriptions of older drivers' habits and plans are informative. Because many participants were thinking about making changes to their driving habits, and many already had, the need for more effective self-regulation driving safety programs to help with this process is clear.
本文描述了 Seniors on the MOVE（成熟驾驶员车辆教育）的开发和试点测试，这是一个为老年人提供的安全驾驶教育计划。该研究旨在描述社区样本中老年驾驶员的驾驶经验和习惯，并确定该计划是否能降低他们的驾驶风险暴露。
采用 2 组随机设计。将 58 名平均年龄为 70 岁的参与者随机分配到 MOVE 计划组或无治疗对照组。MOVE 是一个 4 节课程的计划，旨在帮助老年驾驶员更好地理解和利用自我调节技能，以实现更安全的驾驶。两组均完成基线和 4 周随访问卷，然后对照组接受 MOVE 计划。
在总样本中，14%的人报告曾发生过有人受伤的交通碰撞事故，10%的人报告在过去 6 个月内收到过交通罚单。样本中有近一半（47%）的人表示考虑减少夜间驾驶量。近三分之一的人考虑减少在不熟悉的地方驾驶（32%）和每周驾驶的里程数（30%）。参与者报告最常驾驶离家 2 至 10 英里，在当地道路上，并且在上午 9 点至下午 4 点之间。根据测量这些驾驶习惯的项目的回答，通过结合驾驶暴露变量创建了风险暴露评分。参与者在基线和随访时被分为较低和较高的驾驶风险暴露组。比较两组时，较高或较低风险驾驶暴露变量的变化没有统计学差异。
尽管该计划对报告的驾驶行为的影响产生了无效结果，但对老年驾驶员习惯和计划的描述具有启发性。由于许多参与者正在考虑改变他们的驾驶习惯，而且很多人已经在考虑了，因此显然需要更有效的自我调节驾驶安全计划来帮助他们实现这一目标。
