Waller Maureen R, Bitler Marianne P
Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2008 Dec;40(4):194-201. doi: 10.1363/4019408.
Previous studies have linked pregnancy intentions with some pregnancy-related behaviors and infant health outcomes. However, most have used only women's reports of intentions and examined only maternal behaviors.
Baseline data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (1998-2000) are used to examine whether parents of newborns considered abortion upon learning of the pregnancy and whether this measure of pregnancy intention is associated with their behaviors during pregnancy or with infant birth weight. Associations between outcomes and each parent's pregnancy intention are explored with multivariate probit regressions or least squares regressions for 737 married and 2,366 unmarried couples.
If at least one parent considered abortion, unmarried mothers had a significantly reduced probability of initiating early prenatal care, and unmarried fathers had a significantly reduced probability of providing cash or in-kind support during the pregnancy. The proportion of mothers receiving care in the first trimester was 12 percentage points lower when the mother only or both parents considered abortion than when neither parent did; depending on which parent reported on fathers' support during pregnancy, the proportion of fathers who provided cash or in-kind assistance was 6-10 percentage points lower when the father only considered abortion and 6-14 points lower when both parents considered abortion than when neither did.
Future research on pregnancy intentions should incorporate both men and women. Understanding men's pregnancy intentions and their associations with early support of mothers may inform discussions of how to encourage men's involvement in family planning, prenatal health care and parenting.
以往的研究已将怀孕意愿与一些与怀孕相关的行为及婴儿健康结局联系起来。然而，大多数研究仅采用了女性对意愿的报告，且仅考察了母亲的行为。
利用脆弱家庭与儿童福祉研究（1998 - 2000年）的基线数据，来检验新生儿的父母在得知怀孕后是否考虑过堕胎，以及这种怀孕意愿指标是否与他们孕期的行为或婴儿出生体重相关。通过多变量概率回归或最小二乘法回归，对737对已婚夫妇和2366对未婚夫妇的结局与每位父母的怀孕意愿之间的关联进行探究。
如果父母中至少有一方考虑过堕胎，未婚母亲开始接受早期产前护理的概率会显著降低，未婚父亲在孕期提供现金或实物支持的概率也会显著降低。当只有母亲或父母双方都考虑过堕胎时，母亲在孕早期接受护理的比例比父母双方都未考虑堕胎时低12个百分点；根据报告父亲孕期支持情况的家长不同，当只有父亲考虑堕胎时，提供现金或实物援助的父亲比例比父母双方都未考虑堕胎时低6 - 10个百分点，当父母双方都考虑堕胎时则低6 - 14个百分点。
未来关于怀孕意愿的研究应纳入男性和女性。了解男性的怀孕意愿及其与对母亲早期支持的关联，可能会为如何鼓励男性参与计划生育、产前保健和育儿的讨论提供参考。
