Bacha Nafees, Ayub Najma, Ahmad Yasmin, Abbas Muhammad, Rafi Abdul
Department of Microbiology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2007 Jan 1;10(1):57-64. doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.57.64.
A technique i.e., Soil Solarization and Amendments (neem, chicken farmyard manure, farmyard manure and biokhad viz synthetic bio fertilizer), towards the natural cropping system has been evaluated for its effectiveness and practicability at the National Agricultural Research Center Islamabad Pakistan. Soil solarization and amendments were analyzed as a control measure against soil born fungi and nematodes. Eight weeks of solarization resulted in about 11 degrees C increase in the soil temperature. This increase in soil temperature caused a reduction of about 70 to 80% in the fungal population and about 99% in nematode population at various depths. Neem and Biokhad amendments were proved synergistic for solarization and also improved the properties of soil in the benefit of crop plants. Fusarium sp., Macrophomina phyaseolina and Verticillium sp. of fungi and Tylenchus sp., Haplolaimus sp., Xiphenema sp. and almost all of the parasitic nematodes were significantly (p<0.01) controlled. It was found that even after 40 days the solarized plots contain significantly less number of fungi and nematodes as compared to the nonsolarized plots, which confirmed the durability of this process.
在巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡的国家农业研究中心，对一种针对自然种植系统的技术，即土壤太阳能消毒及改良（印楝、鸡粪、农家肥和生物钾肥即合成生物肥料）的有效性和实用性进行了评估。土壤太阳能消毒及改良被作为一种防治土壤传播真菌和线虫的控制措施进行分析。八周的太阳能消毒使土壤温度升高了约11摄氏度。这种土壤温度的升高导致不同深度的真菌数量减少了约70%至80%，线虫数量减少了约99%。印楝和生物钾肥改良剂被证明对太阳能消毒具有协同作用，并且还改善了土壤性质，有利于作物生长。镰刀菌属、菜豆壳球孢菌和轮枝菌属的真菌以及茎线虫属、单宫线虫属、剑线虫属和几乎所有寄生线虫都得到了显著（p<0.01）控制。研究发现，即使在40天后，与未进行太阳能消毒的地块相比，进行了太阳能消毒的地块中的真菌和线虫数量也显著减少，这证实了该过程的持久性。
