Asselah T, Bièche I, Sabbagh A, Bedossa P, Moreau R, Valla D, Vidaud M, Marcellin P
INSERM, U773, Centre de Recherche Bichat-Beaujon CRB3, Paris, France.
Gut. 2009 Jun;58(6):846-58. doi: 10.1136/gut.2008.166348. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease, with about 170 million people infected worldwide. Up to 70% of patients will have persistent infection after inoculation, making this disease a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The severity of disease varies widely, from asymptomatic chronic infection to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Since the discovery of HCV, the treatment of hepatitis C has considerably improved. Recently, combination of pegylated interferons with ribavirin gives a response rate of about 55%. Treatment is indicated in patients with moderate or severe fibrosis. The tolerability of combination treatment is relatively poor, with a frequent flu-like syndrome and an impaired quality of life. In addition to viral and environmental behavioural factors, host genetic diversity is believed to contribute to the spectrum of clinical outcomes in HCV infection. The sequencing of the human genome, together with the development of high-throughput technologies that measure the function of the genome, have afforded unique opportunities to develop profiles that can distinguish, identify and classify discrete subsets of disease, predict the disease outcome or predict the response to treatment. This paper reviews the published literature on gene expression associated with HCV infection (HCV infection, fibrosis progression), and also according to response to treatment.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是慢性肝病的主要病因，全球约有1.7亿人感染。高达70%的患者在感染后会出现持续感染，使这种疾病成为发病和死亡的重要原因。疾病的严重程度差异很大，从无症状慢性感染到肝硬化和肝细胞癌。自HCV被发现以来，丙型肝炎的治疗有了显著改善。最近，聚乙二醇化干扰素与利巴韦林联合使用的缓解率约为55%。中度或重度纤维化患者需要接受治疗。联合治疗的耐受性相对较差，常出现类似流感的综合征，生活质量也会受到影响。除了病毒和环境行为因素外，宿主基因多样性被认为也会影响HCV感染的临床结局。人类基因组测序以及测量基因组功能的高通量技术的发展，为开发能够区分、识别和分类不同疾病亚组、预测疾病结局或预测治疗反应的图谱提供了独特的机会。本文综述了已发表的关于与HCV感染相关的基因表达（HCV感染、纤维化进展）以及根据治疗反应的文献。
