Department of Medical and Biological Physics, Second Moscow Medical Institute, U.S.S.R.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 1991 Apr;9(1):1-33. doi: 10.1016/1011-1344(91)80001-x.
The photosensitizing action of furocoumarins on biological systems occurs by both an oxygen-independent pathway, which involves the photoaddition of the sensitizer to nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, and an oxygen-dependent pathway, which includes furocoumarins in the category of photodynamic sensitizers. The photodynamic action of furocoumarins, as studied using isolated biomolecules, human erythrocytes and human skin, appears to involve both activated oxygen species (singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals) and radical species formed by electron transfer from or to photoexcited furocoumarins. Another oxygen-dependent process involves the formation of photo-oxidized furocoumarin derivatives, which can react in the dark with several substrates (in particular, membrane components), causing an irreversible damage of cells. The latter type of process is temperature dependent. The relative importance of the different photosensitization mechanisms under various experimental conditions is discussed.
一种是不依赖氧气的途径，该途径涉及敏化剂与核酸、蛋白质和脂质的光加成反应；另一种是依赖氧气的途径，在该途径中呋喃香豆素属于光动力敏化剂类别。使用分离的生物分子、人体红细胞和人体皮肤对呋喃香豆素的光动力作用进行研究，结果表明其似乎涉及活性氧物种（单线态氧、超氧阴离子和羟基自由基）以及由光激发的呋喃香豆素发生电子转移而形成的自由基物种。另一个依赖氧气的过程涉及光氧化呋喃香豆素衍生物的形成，这些衍生物可在暗处与多种底物（特别是膜成分）发生反应，从而对细胞造成不可逆损伤。后一种过程类型取决于温度。本文讨论了在各种实验条件下不同光敏化机制的相对重要性。
