Mori Koichiro, Kobayashi Chinatsu, Tomita Takako, Inatomi Satoshi, Ikeda Masahiko
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
Nutr Res. 2008 May;28(5):335-42. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2008.03.010.
In the present study, we examined the antiatherosclerotic effects of 3 edible mushrooms, Pleurotus eryngii (Eringi), Grifola frondosa (Maitake), and Hypsizygus marmoreus (Bunashimeji), in atherosclerosis-susceptible C57BL/6J, apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Male apoE(-/-) mice (6 weeks of age) were fed a normal diet (cholesterol concentration <66 mg/100 g) or a normal diet containing 3% dried Eringi, Maitake, or Bunashimeji mushroom powder for 10 weeks. Food intake, body weight, serum total cholesterol (TC), and serum triacylglycerols (TG) were measured periodically during the experimental period. At the end of the experiment (at 16 weeks of age), the atherosclerotic lesion area was measured in cross-sections of the aortic root. Serum TC concentrations in the Bunashimeji group were significantly lower than that in the control group at 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks of age. Serum TC concentrations in the Eringi, and Maitake groups were significantly lower than that in the control group only at 12 weeks of age. There was no significant difference in the serum TG concentrations in all groups during the experimental period. The atherosclerotic lesions were significantly decreased in the Eringi, Maitake, and Bunashimeji groups than that in the control group at the end of the experiment. Dietary supplementation with the Bunashimeji mushroom powder had the strongest antiatherosclerotic effect among 3 mushrooms. In conclusion, supplementation of the 3 edible mushrooms prevents the development of atherosclerosis, even normal diet. Antiatherosclerotic effect is partly via lowering of serum TC concentrations; further mechanisms should be investigated.
在本研究中，我们检测了3种可食用蘑菇——杏鲍菇、灰树花和真姬菇对易患动脉粥样硬化的C57BL/6J载脂蛋白E缺陷（apoE(-/-)）小鼠的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。雄性apoE(-/-)小鼠（6周龄）被喂食正常饮食（胆固醇浓度<66毫克/100克）或含有3%干燥杏鲍菇、灰树花或真姬菇粉的正常饮食，持续10周。在实验期间定期测量食物摄入量、体重、血清总胆固醇（TC）和血清三酰甘油（TG）。在实验结束时（16周龄），测量主动脉根部横截面的动脉粥样硬化病变面积。真姬菇组在8、10、12、14和16周龄时的血清TC浓度显著低于对照组。杏鲍菇组和灰树花组仅在12周龄时血清TC浓度显著低于对照组。在实验期间，所有组的血清TG浓度均无显著差异。在实验结束时，杏鲍菇组、灰树花组和真姬菇组的动脉粥样硬化病变比对照组显著减少。在3种蘑菇中，添加真姬菇粉的饮食具有最强的抗动脉粥样硬化作用。总之，补充这3种可食用蘑菇可预防动脉粥样硬化的发展，即使是正常饮食。抗动脉粥样硬化作用部分是通过降低血清TC浓度实现的；应进一步研究其机制。
