Fujikawa Masaaki, Nakao Kazuya, Shimizu Ryo, Akamatsu Miki
Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2009 Feb;74(6):751-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.10.046. Epub 2008 Dec 11.
The bioconcentration factor (BCF) is an important ecotoxicological parameter that describes the accumulation of chemicals in organisms. As many studies have reported, logBCF has good correlation with the logarithm of the 1-octanol/water partition coefficient, logP(oct), for chemicals that have logP(oct) values below about 6 and are not significantly metabolized in organisms. In this study we measured a membrane accumulation index, that is, the membrane partition (P(M)) of organophosphorus pesticides using the parallel artificial membrane permeation assay (PAMPA) to clarify whether this index is useful for the estimation of BCF. As a result, logP(M) had good correlation with logP(oct) except for iprobenfos and edifenphos. Furthermore, logBCF in five kinds of fish, especially male guppy correlated better with logP(M) than logP(oct). The results indicate that logP(M) is a better index for predicting logBCF than logP(oct). We have already reported that PAMPA permeability coefficients could predict human oral absorption of compounds, including hydrophobic chemicals and agrochemicals. Since it is expected that both human oral absorption and BCF can be estimated simultaneously using PAMPA, PAMPA is useful for exposure estimation to humans of chemicals in the environment.
生物富集因子（BCF）是一个重要的生态毒理学参数，用于描述化学物质在生物体中的积累情况。正如许多研究报告的那样，对于logP（oct）值低于约6且在生物体中不发生显著代谢的化学物质，logBCF与1-辛醇/水分配系数的对数logP（oct）具有良好的相关性。在本研究中，我们使用平行人工膜渗透试验（PAMPA）测量了有机磷农药的膜积累指数，即膜分配系数（P（M）），以阐明该指数是否有助于估算BCF。结果表明，除异稻瘟净和乙嘧酚磺酸酯外，logP（M）与logP（oct）具有良好的相关性。此外，五种鱼类中的logBCF，尤其是雄性孔雀鱼的logBCF与logP（M）的相关性比与logP（oct）的相关性更好。结果表明，logP（M）是比logP（oct）更好的预测logBCF的指标。我们已经报道，PAMPA渗透系数可以预测包括疏水性化学物质和农用化学品在内的化合物的人体口服吸收率。由于预计使用PAMPA可以同时估算人体口服吸收率和BCF，因此PAMPA对于估算环境中化学物质对人类的暴露量很有用。
